. Cyclopedia of farm crops : a popular survey of crops and crop-making methods in the United States and Canada. Agriculture -- Canada; Agriculture -- United States; Farm produce -- Canada; Farm produce -- United States. CHAPTER I. STRUCTURE AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE PLANT LAXTS EXERCISE TWO SETS OF FUXCTIOXS—GROWTH AXT) REPRODUCTION. The higher plants may be said to have three sets or classes of organs : those that have relation with the soil; those that have relation with the atmosphere and sunlight; those that are concerned in reproduction. For purposes of identification and description, and to
. Cyclopedia of farm crops : a popular survey of crops and crop-making methods in the United States and Canada. Agriculture -- Canada; Agriculture -- United States; Farm produce -- Canada; Farm produce -- United States. CHAPTER I. STRUCTURE AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE PLANT LAXTS EXERCISE TWO SETS OF FUXCTIOXS—GROWTH AXT) REPRODUCTION. The higher plants may be said to have three sets or classes of organs : those that have relation with the soil; those that have relation with the atmosphere and sunlight; those that are concerned in reproduction. For purposes of identification and description, and to enable him to read current literature intelligently, the farmer needs some account of these organs, and perhaps, also, of some of the gross features of the anatomy of the stem. The external organs. The organs of the root series are the least differentiated. We do not distinguish plants by means of their root characters, both because the roots are not clearly designative in most cases and because they are hidden. The most that we ordinarily do is to divide roots into fibrous-form and tap-form. The parts of the root are distinguished as to their physiological functions rather than their taxonomic or descriptive values. The general form of the root is determined by the species; but its details are conditioned on the particular soil in which it grows. It is often said of orchard trees that the roots extend as far as the branches of the top; but the root system may be less or more than the top in horizontal and vertical extent, depend- ing on circumstances. Yet there is a distinct root "habit" even as between varieties of apple trees. In the annual crops, the root habit is often characteristic, and it needs much more attention than it has yet received by cultiva- tors (Fig. 4). The farmer may examine carefully the leaves and stalks of his grass and wheat, but he seldom examines the roots. Food for man and his animals is provided by many thickened roots, as the greater pa
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