Insects injurious to fruits . e to a pupa, the leaf is drawn into afold, which is carpeted with silk, and in this enclosure thechrysalis is formed, the change occurring during the leaf falls, its occupant falls with it, and remains onthe ground within the folded leaf until the following May. The moth is a tiny creature, measuring, when its wings arespread, a little more than a quarter of an inch across. The ATTACKING THE LEAVES. 115 fore wings are of a shining dark brown, suffused with a tingeof purple, and slightly dusted with dull-yellowish atoms. Thehind wings are dark gray.


Insects injurious to fruits . e to a pupa, the leaf is drawn into afold, which is carpeted with silk, and in this enclosure thechrysalis is formed, the change occurring during the leaf falls, its occupant falls with it, and remains onthe ground within the folded leaf until the following May. The moth is a tiny creature, measuring, when its wings arespread, a little more than a quarter of an inch across. The ATTACKING THE LEAVES. 115 fore wings are of a shining dark brown, suffused with a tingeof purple, and slightly dusted with dull-yellowish atoms. Thehind wings are dark gray. This insect also mines the leaves of the wild crab-apple,different species of thorn, the blackberry, and the raspberry,but has never been known to do any material injury. No. 51.—The Apple-tree Case-bearer. Coleophora malivorella Riley. With the opening of spring there will sometimes be foujidon the twigs of apple-trees curious little pistol-shaped cases asshown at a, Fig. 114. Each of these on examination will be Fig. found to contain a larva, possessing the power of moving fromplace to place and carrying its protecting case with it. Thesecases are very tough, almost horny in their texture, and seemto be proof against the attack of insect enemies. As the budsbegin to swell, the cases will be found here and there stickingon them, while the active little foe within is busily devouringtheir interior. In this way many of the fruit-buds are de-stroyed, nothing but hollow shells being left. As the seasonadvances, the caterpillars leave the twigs and fasten on the 116 INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE APPLE. leaves, on which they also feed, sometimes reducing them tomere skeletons. Late in June the change to chrysalis takesplace, and the moths appear on the wing in July. They flyat night, and deposit their eggs on the leaves; these eggs hatchduring August and September, the larvae living and feedingon the under side of the leaves until frost comes, when beforethe leaves fall they migr


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