Welding; theory, practice, apparatus and tests, electric, thermit and hot-flame processes . f water, and in nocase should exceed 20 inches. In cases where two or moreblov/pipes are worked from thesame acetylene supply pipe, aseparate back-pressure valve shouldbe employed for each weldingstation. The companies furnish twentyor more feet of hard-rubber tubing,wire-wound. Goggles for the eyes are ad-vised, both to protect them from the bright light and fromflying sparks. Electrolysis of Water.—When water Is decomposed by electroly-sis, it gives 2 volumes hydrogen, i volume oxygen. The electrolyte
Welding; theory, practice, apparatus and tests, electric, thermit and hot-flame processes . f water, and in nocase should exceed 20 inches. In cases where two or moreblov/pipes are worked from thesame acetylene supply pipe, aseparate back-pressure valve shouldbe employed for each weldingstation. The companies furnish twentyor more feet of hard-rubber tubing,wire-wound. Goggles for the eyes are ad-vised, both to protect them from the bright light and fromflying sparks. Electrolysis of Water.—When water Is decomposed by electroly-sis, it gives 2 volumes hydrogen, i volume oxygen. The electrolyte is a dilute solution of sodium or potassium hy-droxid; oxygen rises from the positive and hydrogen from thenegative. If the gases are collected as mixed oxygen and hydro-gen in the gasometer, it is called detonating gas. This is the gasthat was first used in the oxy-hydrogen blowpipe (see page 117).Detonating gas is handy for blowpipe work, but it is is the most readily combustible mixture of the two gases, andif the torch backfires there will be an explosion. To prevent. Fig. 37.—Diagram of safetywater seal, to protect the acetylenesupply (the Linde air productscompany). THE OXY-ACETYLENE PROCESS 8i this a safety water-seal was introduced in the leading tube, orthe blowpipe handle contained a chamber packed with fine rodsor gauze or asbestos wool to imitate the idea of the Davy safetylamp. The railroads will not handle detonating gas, and it is notmanufactured except privately. In the electrolysis of waternowadays a diaphragm placed between kathode and anode sepa-rates the gases. Of these gases the oxygen is of the greatercommercial importance.
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