. The marine invertebrates and fishes of St. Andrews . s confined to them; indeed they abound at The muddy beach at the estuary of the Edenaffords a site for the splendid mussel-beds; but (thoughCorophiitm is present in both) it cannot be compared withthe tenacious greyish mud which sometimes, as at Herm,retains footprints so firmly that they are visible after C 10 INTRODUCTION. several tides, and swarms with Sipunculus, Edwardsia, andLumbriconereis. Within reach of the modern tide, also, it is interesting tofind the remains of oceanic animals long since extinct—to seeActinia mesem
. The marine invertebrates and fishes of St. Andrews . s confined to them; indeed they abound at The muddy beach at the estuary of the Edenaffords a site for the splendid mussel-beds; but (thoughCorophiitm is present in both) it cannot be compared withthe tenacious greyish mud which sometimes, as at Herm,retains footprints so firmly that they are visible after C 10 INTRODUCTION. several tides, and swarms with Sipunculus, Edwardsia, andLumbriconereis. Within reach of the modern tide, also, it is interesting tofind the remains of oceanic animals long since extinct—to seeActinia mesembryanthemurn attached to a mass of encrinitestalks, LiUorina rudis in groups on Linc/uln-shah, and thewhite coils of Sjrirorbis incrusting a nodule containing afossil fish. Yet these features do not appear much out ofplace near a city whose pier is to a considerable extent con-structed of the fine old stones and ancient oak which onceformed part of the splendid pile of its cathedral. On the wdiole the zoological features of St. Andrews 11 Subkingdom PROTOZOA. Class RHIZOPODA. Order FORAMINIFERA. The beach at St. Andrews affords very ample opportunitiesfor the study of the Rhizopods ; but unfortunately, with theexception of the Spongiadaj, I am only able at present to givea list of a few common Foraminifera, which were kindly de-termined for me by Mr. H. B. Brady, of Newcastle, one ofthe highest authorities on the subject. They were obtainedfrom shell-sand collected near the estuary of the Eden, andare forms common in shallow water and the littoral region. O Family depressa, oblong a, seminidum, L. subrotunda, Mont. secerns, DOrb. Family sulcata, W. & J. globosa, Mont. squamosa, Mont. Cristellaria crepidula, F. & lactea, W. & J. gibba, DOrb. cornpressa, DOrb. Family sagittula, lobatula, Beccarii, L. Family Nummulinida
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