. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. NEOMENIOID APLACOPHORAN DEVELOPMENT 89 1a v-' 5mm. AG 1OOiim Figure 1. Eggs of Epimenia bubiii. (a) A pair of egg sheets (3 X 3 mm). Each sheet contained 20 to 50 fertilized eggs, (b) A fertilized egg (-250 /im in diameter) in a single egg capsule (EC) membrane. Numerous accessory granules (AG) were observed within the capsule. are degenerated and lost during the transformation into the adult body form. Live larvae were incubated for 10 min in acridine orange (100 ) + ethidium bromide (100 jag/ml) in seawater. The lar
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. NEOMENIOID APLACOPHORAN DEVELOPMENT 89 1a v-' 5mm. AG 1OOiim Figure 1. Eggs of Epimenia bubiii. (a) A pair of egg sheets (3 X 3 mm). Each sheet contained 20 to 50 fertilized eggs, (b) A fertilized egg (-250 /im in diameter) in a single egg capsule (EC) membrane. Numerous accessory granules (AG) were observed within the capsule. are degenerated and lost during the transformation into the adult body form. Live larvae were incubated for 10 min in acridine orange (100 ) + ethidium bromide (100 jag/ml) in seawater. The larvae were washed in clean sea- water for an hour and, while alive, were examined on a glass slide under a fluorescence microscope with a UV filter set. The acridine orange intercalates into the DNA of live cells with intact membranes, and the cells fluoresce bright green. As apoptosis progresses, ethidium bromide enters the cells, and they fluoresce bright orange. Late apoptotic cells have a uniform bright orange color (Martin el til., 1996). Results Reproduction and spawning Three individuals of Epimenia babai laid approximately eggs over 90 consecutive nights in the laboratory. One individual that was isolated for more than 90 days laid viable eggs. Sperm transfer was not observed. Fertilized eggs were laid in pairs of square gelatinous sheets (3X3 mm) containing a single layer of 20-50 eggs (Fig. la). One individual laid one to four pairs of egg-sheets every night, one pair at a time, at intervals of about an hour. The egg sheets were always laid in pairs, presumably one from each of the paired gametoducts that open into the mantle cavity at the posterior end of the animal. At the time of deposition, the fertilized eggs were always at the single- cell stage. No brooding was observed. Early development The early development of E. bahiri was followed using both scanning electron and light microscopy. Development was slower at 16 °C than at room temperature (26 °C) (Tab
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Keywords: ., bookauthorlilliefrankrat, booksubjectbiology, booksubjectzoology
