. The Canadian field-naturalist. 312 The Canadian Field-Naturalist Vol. 90. Figure 3. View of inside of large outdoor pen at Wainwright; a female peregrine is on the" perch. capacity for imprinting appears to be limited to a brief critical period of the animafs life and typically is a young-to-parent relation (Etkin 1969). But only specific reactions become im- printed to a particular object. For example, a bird may imprint to a human as a parent and sexual companion but it will accept other birds as companions (Eibl-Eibesfeldt 1970). Unfor- tunately, imprinting tends to be largely a gray
. The Canadian field-naturalist. 312 The Canadian Field-Naturalist Vol. 90. Figure 3. View of inside of large outdoor pen at Wainwright; a female peregrine is on the" perch. capacity for imprinting appears to be limited to a brief critical period of the animafs life and typically is a young-to-parent relation (Etkin 1969). But only specific reactions become im- printed to a particular object. For example, a bird may imprint to a human as a parent and sexual companion but it will accept other birds as companions (Eibl-Eibesfeldt 1970). Unfor- tunately, imprinting tends to be largely a gray area in our knowledge because so many inter- related factors influence the degree of the "imprinting" and the eventual behavioral re- sponse of the individual affected (Nelson 1972). In order to minimize the influence of imprint- ing, the project birds were collected as close to fledging as possible and we have since attempted to keep the birds isolated from contact with humans and other species. Although, in retro- spect, we were apparently successful in minimiz- ing the effect of imprinting on our initial breeding flock, we are still acutely aware of problems associated with this phenomenon. Since we are raising some of the young birds in isolation from their parents or in some cases under foster parents, the potential for undesir- able imprinting exists. Specific attention is paid to the duration of artificial care by ourselves and to the timing of introduction under foster parents. Individual histories are kept of each bird, to seek insight into the influence of imprinting and the origin of any behavioral problems that appear. In addition, specific experiments will be carried out to clarify such aspects as the critical timing of imprinting as it applies to the falcons and the role of imprinting in mate and nest-site. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearan
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