. Military and religious life in the Middle Ages and at the period of the Renaissance. Fig. 193.—Legend of the passage of the viaticum across a wooden bridge, at Utrecht, in dancers having allowed the host to pass without discontinuing their dances, the bridgesuddenly gave way and two hundred persons were drowned in the river.—Fac-simile of anEngraving upon Wood by P. Wolgemuth, in the Liber Chronicarum Mundi: Nuremberg,1493, in folio. 5. Extreme unction has always been given to sick people in danger ofdeath, according to the recommendation of the Apostle St. James. Thematerial of wh
. Military and religious life in the Middle Ages and at the period of the Renaissance. Fig. 193.—Legend of the passage of the viaticum across a wooden bridge, at Utrecht, in dancers having allowed the host to pass without discontinuing their dances, the bridgesuddenly gave way and two hundred persons were drowned in the river.—Fac-simile of anEngraving upon Wood by P. Wolgemuth, in the Liber Chronicarum Mundi: Nuremberg,1493, in folio. 5. Extreme unction has always been given to sick people in danger ofdeath, according to the recommendation of the Apostle St. James. Thematerial of which this sacrament is composed is the oil of the infirm, but wecan see from old rituals that the place and number of the unctions havevaried at different times in the administration of this sacrament (Fig. 194). 6. Orders. Besides the higher orders, which were conferred as they arein our own day, the Church included from the earliest times the four minor 36 LITURGY AND 194. —Three Sacraments: Marriage, at full manhood; Orders, atold age; and Extreme Unction, at death. Eight portion ofthe triptych painted on panel hy Eoger Van derWeyden.—Antwerp Century. orders, whichwere bestowed,as now, uponthe tonsuredclerks; that isto say, theorders of por-ter, reader, exor-cist, and acolyte. The consecra-tion of abbotsand abbesses,although madewith a greatdeal of cere -mony, was notconsidered asan ordination,but only as ab bishop,after giving theabbot the com-munion underthe form ofbread, blessedhim, placed amitre on hishead, and gavehim his gloves,the symbols ofhis rank, withthe customaryprayers. Theabbots crosierand ring were LITURGY AND CEREMONIES. 237 bestowed upon him before the offertory. Alexander II., elected pope in1061, was the first to confer upon abbots the privilege of wearing the also enjoyed the right of carrying the crosier; they received itfrom the hands of the bishop, together with the pastor
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