. The story of the nineteenth century of the Christian era. s of the Punjab — the natives of NorthernIndia — rose against British expansion. The protestagainst the new order of things — growth by absorption —was vigorously begun by the patriots of what Kipling callsthe lesser tribes without the law. Of course these patriotic protests were fruitless. Thevaliant tribesmen of North Africa were bravely led ; thesoldiers of Mexico were, as General Grant asserts, bravesoldiers inefficiently led ; the Sikhs of the Punjab, as be-came their names, for Sikh means disciple, were bravesoldiers and fierce
. The story of the nineteenth century of the Christian era. s of the Punjab — the natives of NorthernIndia — rose against British expansion. The protestagainst the new order of things — growth by absorption —was vigorously begun by the patriots of what Kipling callsthe lesser tribes without the law. Of course these patriotic protests were fruitless. Thevaliant tribesmen of North Africa were bravely led ; thesoldiers of Mexico were, as General Grant asserts, bravesoldiers inefficiently led ; the Sikhs of the Punjab, as be-came their names, for Sikh means disciple, were bravesoldiers and fierce religionists, feud-torn, and united onlyagainst the English. But, brave or not, they all went downin defeat before the invincible though lesser forces of thetrained soldiers of civilization. Algeria submitted to itsFrench conquerors in 1847, ^.nd to-day is prosperous underFrench rule; Mexico closed a losing fight in 1847, whenits capital city fell before the irresistible arms of GeneralScott, and nearly a million square miles of territory were 182. TYPES OF THE )AGE OF KOSSUTH | EmersonRowland Webster Morse Kossuth HOW THE WORLD HAD ANOTHER SHAKING UP. 183 annexed, by conquest and purchase, to the United to-day Mexico is united because of that war of 1846,and her patriots celebrate as holidays the anniversaries ofChapultepec and Molino del Rey, which are regarded asMexican defeats. The Punjab was conqueredand annexedto the British domains in 1849, even though the Sikhswere acknowledged to be the bravest foemen faced by theEnglish in India; but to-day the Punjab, with its twenty-five millions of inhabitants, is a great, peaceable, and pros-perous section of Englands Indian Empire, well on its waytoward a progressive civilization, with schools and colleges,railways and telegraphs, newspapers and literary societies,trade and manufactures, and life is safer to-day in the Pun-jab than it ever was through the long centuries of barbar-ism, feud, and war
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