Report upon the forestry investigations of the of agriculture1877-1898 . duce an indentation of one-twentieth inch: Oak, elm, ash, cherry, birch, black walnut, beech, blue beech, mulberry, soft maple,holly, sour gum, honey locust, coffee tree, and sycamore. 3. Middling hard woods, requiring over 1,600 j)ounds per square inch to produce an indentationof one-twentieth inch: The better qualities of Southern and Western hard pine, tamarack, andDouglas spruce, sweet gum, and the lighter qualities of birch. 4. Soft woods requiring less than 1,600 pounds per square inch to produce an in
Report upon the forestry investigations of the of agriculture1877-1898 . duce an indentation of one-twentieth inch: Oak, elm, ash, cherry, birch, black walnut, beech, blue beech, mulberry, soft maple,holly, sour gum, honey locust, coffee tree, and sycamore. 3. Middling hard woods, requiring over 1,600 j)ounds per square inch to produce an indentationof one-twentieth inch: The better qualities of Southern and Western hard pine, tamarack, andDouglas spruce, sweet gum, and the lighter qualities of birch. 4. Soft woods requiring less than 1,600 pounds per square inch to produce an indentation ofone-twentieth inch: The greater mass of coniferous wood; pine, spruce, fir, hemlock, cedar, cypress,and redwood; poplar, tulip, basswood, butternut, chestnut, buckeye, and catalpa, H. Doc. No. 181 7 98 FORESTRY INVESTIGATIONS U. S. DEPARTMENT OF of durabiliiy in railroad ties. White oak and chestnut oak. Chestnut Black locust Cherrjf, black walnut, locust. Tears. ? Tears. 8 Redwood , 12 8 Cypress and red cedar 10 10 Tamarack 7 to 8 7 Longleafpiue 6. B, hard pintinner edge of O, soft pine: ar, annualiigi s. w., summer wood; Elm 6 to 7 I Hemlock 4 to 6 Red and black oaks 4 to 5 I Spruce 5 Ash, beech, maple 4 | HOW TO DISTINGUISH THE DIFFERENT KINDS OF WOOD. The carpenter or other artisan who handles different woods becomes familiar with those heemploys frequently, and learns to distinguish them through this familiarity, without usually beingable to state the points of distinction. If a wood comes before him with which he is not familiar,he has, of course, no means of determining what it is, and it is possible to select pieces even ofthose with which he is well acquainted, different in appearance from the general run, that willmake him doubtful as to their identification. Furthermore, he may distinguish between hard andsoft pines, between oak and ash, or between maple and birch, which are characteristically different;but when it comes to distinguish
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksubjectforestsandforestry
