Abdominal surgery . eover, thecoat of the intestine from which catgut is made. A needle, on being pushed vertically through the walls of theintestine, meets with considerable resistance when it reaches the ?sub-mucosa, andstill greater re-sistance is en-countered if it beattempted to passthe needle hori-zontally throughits meshes. Adelicate thread ofthis tissue is verymuch stronger andbetter able to holda stitch than acoarse shred of theentire thicknessof the muscularand serous experiments to test this point bore out these soon discovered that, even to the sharpen
Abdominal surgery . eover, thecoat of the intestine from which catgut is made. A needle, on being pushed vertically through the walls of theintestine, meets with considerable resistance when it reaches the ?sub-mucosa, andstill greater re-sistance is en-countered if it beattempted to passthe needle hori-zontally throughits meshes. Adelicate thread ofthis tissue is verymuch stronger andbetter able to holda stitch than acoarse shred of theentire thicknessof the muscularand serous experiments to test this point bore out these soon discovered that, even to the sharpened end of aneedle, sufficient resistance is offered by the sub-mucosa to bereadily appreciable, and that it is possible and, with very littlepractice, not difficult to pick up at each stitch a thread-likepiece of sub-mucosa without incurring the danger of passinginto the lumen of the gut. Practical advantage of the toughness of this sub-mucosa mayfurthex be taken by picking up portions of it in stitches, carefully. ??-vM Fig. 54. Diagram of Section of Dogs Intestine. P, Peritoneum; L, Longitudinal Muscular Coat; C, Cir-cular Muscular Coat; S, Sub-mucosa; mm, Muscularis,mucosas ; L, Glands of Lieberkiihn. SURGICAL ANATOMY. 413 placed so as to pierce it some distance apart, and makingtraction on the sutures. This raises a ridge on the serousaspect of the gut, which at once marks the Hne in which theco-aptating sutures should be placed, and by raising the tissue tothe needle, greatly facilitates the introduction of the individualsutures. I have endeavoured to show this in the diagramaccompanying the description of enterorraphy. As to the disposition of the mesentery around the gut, wemust not forget that it is not a complete envelope, but leaves aportion of the lumen, averaging about five-sixteenths of an inchin width (Anderson), for which the outer covering is the mus-cular. The divergence of the layers of mesentery begins at adistance varying from two-thirds to three-fourths of
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