. Yearbook of the United States Department of Agriculture 1900 . hardened andtoughened. The result is that, while the orange loses its brilliantfresh color and gloss> the toughening and hardening of the rind enablesthe fruit to stand long shipment, and protects it very materially fromdecay. It was further found that the quality of the juice was ratherimproved by the mite than otherwise, the mite-attacked oranges beingmore juicy and sweeter flavored than those free from it. As a resultof this, a demand grew up in the Northern markets for the rusty fruit,and good prices were obtained for it.
. Yearbook of the United States Department of Agriculture 1900 . hardened andtoughened. The result is that, while the orange loses its brilliantfresh color and gloss> the toughening and hardening of the rind enablesthe fruit to stand long shipment, and protects it very materially fromdecay. It was further found that the quality of the juice was ratherimproved by the mite than otherwise, the mite-attacked oranges beingmore juicy and sweeter flavored than those free from it. As a resultof this, a demand grew up in the Northern markets for the rusty fruit,and good prices were obtained for it. In the case of the lemon, however, an injury to the rind is an impor-tant consideration, a perfect rind being a requisite of the fruit onaccount of the numerous uses to which the rind is put and the valua-ble products obtained from it. The effect on the lemon is also some-what different from that on the orange. The rind of both fruits, whenattacked by this mite in the green stage, becomes somewhat pallid or Yearbook U S. Oapt. of Agriculture, 1900. Plate xxxi. The Silver Mite of the Lemon.(Phytoptus oleivorus Ashm.) SCALE INSECT AND MITE ENEMIES OF CITRUS TREES. 287 silvered, due to the extraction of the oils and the drying up andhardening of the outer layer of the skin. In the case of the lemon,however, this whitening is much more marked than in the case of theorange, and, since the lemon is often picked while green, the subse-quent rusting is not nearly so notable; hence, in California this mite isknown chiefly as the silver mite. If the lemon is allowed to fullyripen on the tree, however, it becomes bronzed or rusted, similar tothe rust of the orange, but rather lighter in shade. (See PI. XXXI.) As in the case of the orange, the rind of the lemon is hardened andtoughened, but the juicy contents are not affected materially; further-more, a silvered lemon will keep very much longer than a perfectlemon, and will bear distant shipment without risk of much loss. Upto the present
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