. Mediæval London . Giles, Cripplegate. Secondly. The great market-place—the Cheap—with the principalstreets all leading into it, represents the commercial magnitude of the residences of the merchants and traders had, for the most part, eachits garden, large or small. It is a commonplace saying that there is nota street in London from some part of which you cannot see a tree. Thiswas more true a few years ago than it is to-day. Thus, there was abeautifial plane-tree in front of Grocers Hall, in Princes Street, butexigencies of building-space led to its destruction but lately. Cheapsid
. Mediæval London . Giles, Cripplegate. Secondly. The great market-place—the Cheap—with the principalstreets all leading into it, represents the commercial magnitude of the residences of the merchants and traders had, for the most part, eachits garden, large or small. It is a commonplace saying that there is nota street in London from some part of which you cannot see a tree. Thiswas more true a few years ago than it is to-day. Thus, there was abeautifial plane-tree in front of Grocers Hall, in Princes Street, butexigencies of building-space led to its destruction but lately. Cheapsidestill rejoices in its fine tree at the corner of Wood Street, which has founda great poet to write pleasantly about it. Down in secluded streets theLondon saunterer comes on more of these trees, relics of old citizensgardens and resorts, as well as those in closed churchyards. The parishof St. Martin Pomeroy preserves in its second name the memory of theancient orchard which once gladdened the Londoners =^ H ■ a S<Z« O ^ A COMPREHENSIVE SURVEY ii Then, thirdly, there were the Religious Houses. Fitzstephen saysthat in his day {temp. Henry II.) there were thirteen conventual churchesand 126 parochial. Some were of pre-Norman times, like the CollegiateChurch of St. Martins-le-Grand, founded by one Ingelric in 1056, andconfirmed by a charter of William the Conqueror in 1068. Though thisstood in the heart of the city it was independent of civic control;the Mayor and Corporation often endeavoured in vain to exerciseauthority over it. Criminals on their way to execution now and thenmanaged to slip within its boundaries, in which case they were safein sanctuary. It was from this church that the Curfew Bell forLondon tolled out each evening, a signal for closing the city gates, aswell as the taverns. An event of vast importance in the religious life of this nation wasthe great Cistercian movement in the beginning of the twelfth is not the place to tell th
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