An American text-book of the diseases of childrenIncluding special chapters on essential surgical subjects; orthopaedics, diseases of the eye, ear, nose, and throat; diseases of the skin; and on the diet, hygiene, and general management of children . eters open intothe rectum, no operative interference could be of any avail, but in that form inwhich the vagina or uterus opens into the rectum, and the child has attainedsome age, an operation to close the fistula and replace the organs may beattempted. 8. The Rectum is totally Absent.—This differs from the third varietyof malformation only in th


An American text-book of the diseases of childrenIncluding special chapters on essential surgical subjects; orthopaedics, diseases of the eye, ear, nose, and throat; diseases of the skin; and on the diet, hygiene, and general management of children . eters open intothe rectum, no operative interference could be of any avail, but in that form inwhich the vagina or uterus opens into the rectum, and the child has attainedsome age, an operation to close the fistula and replace the organs may beattempted. 8. The Rectum is totally Absent.—This differs from the third varietyof malformation only in the amount of rectum which is wanting, and its exist-ence may be suspected in those cases in which an exploration of the pelvis byperineal incision fails to reveal the presence of the rectal pouch. This con-dition is to be treated by laparo-colotomy, in the left inguinal region, and theformation of an artificial anus. 9. The Large Intestine is totally Absent.—This condition is oftenassociated with a faecal fistula at the umbilicus or some other portion of thebody, and its treatment consists in securing a free exit of faeces from this fistulaby dilatation or careful incision, or by the formation of an artificial anus if nofistula be The Anus is absent; theRectum ends in theUrethra. (After Ball.) 584 AMERICAN TEXT-BOOK OF DISEASES OF CHILDREN. ni. Diseases of the Ani. This affection is occasional!}^ seen in childhood, and is characterized by apainful itching in the region of the anus, which causes the child constantly toscratch the part, so that the skin in the vicinity becomes thickened, eczema-tous, and moist from exudation as a result of the constant irritation. Pruritusani may result from various causes—from the presence of oxyuris vermic-ularis in the rectum, from eczema of the anus, from pediculi or scabies, orfrom the presence of a vegetable parasite, as is the case in eczema margina-tum. In other cases in which the itching is not attributable t


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