. Effects of sheep grazing on a riparian-stream environment. Sheep; Stream ecology. METHODS To determine riparian and aquatic habitat conditions, a group of 121 channel cross sections were located within the study site. The cross sections were at 10-ft ( m) intervals covering 600 ft ( m) of stream in the lightly grazed area immediately downstream from the fence separating the two areas, and 600 ft ( m) of stream immediately upstream from the fence in the heavily grazed area (fig. 4). Cross sections ran from bank to bank, perpendicular to the main flow of the stream. Aquatic habit
. Effects of sheep grazing on a riparian-stream environment. Sheep; Stream ecology. METHODS To determine riparian and aquatic habitat conditions, a group of 121 channel cross sections were located within the study site. The cross sections were at 10-ft ( m) intervals covering 600 ft ( m) of stream in the lightly grazed area immediately downstream from the fence separating the two areas, and 600 ft ( m) of stream immediately upstream from the fence in the heavily grazed area (fig. 4). Cross sections ran from bank to bank, perpendicular to the main flow of the stream. Aquatic habitat measurements were taken in July, August, and September; and riparian measurements were taken in October after the grazing season had ended. The following environmental conditions were evaluated: 1. Stream channel materials 2. In-stream vegetative cover 3. Substrate embeddedness 4. Channel gradient 5. Stream width and depth 6. Bank-stream contact water depth 7. Pool area and quality 8. Riffle area 9. Streambank alteration 10. Streambank rock content 11. Steambank angle 12. Streamside vegetation 13. Streamside cover stability 14. Vegetative overhang 15. Stream channel profile 16. Stream velocities 17. Streambank undercut A brief summary of the procedures used in this study follows. A more detailed description of the methodology used appears in Platts (1974), Platts (1976), and Ray and Megahan (1978). Stream Channel Channel materials were classified into five classes by visually projecting each 1-foot () division of a measuring tape to the streambed surface and assigning the major observed sediment class to each division. Sediments were classified as: large boulder, 24 inches (610 mm) or larger in particle diameter; small boulder, 12 to inches (305 to 609, mm); rubble, 3 to inches (76 to 305 mm); gravel, to inches ( to 76 mm); and fine sediment, less than inch ( mm) in particle diameter. In-stream vegetative cover was a direct measurement of
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Keywords: ., bookauthorunitedstatesforests, bookcentury1900, booksubjectsheep
