The arts and crafts of our Teutonic forefathers . TS OF OUR TEUTONIC FOREFATHERS The relations of the Romans with their neighbours in the north beforethe Migration Period. Importance of the Marcomannic war ofMarcus AureHus. Early History, and relations with the Empire,of the Goths. Historical and artistic importance of the connection with Runic writing. The Vandals and Suevi. The Alemanni and Bavarians. The Bur-gundians. The Lombards. The Franks. Absorption by theFranks of the other Teutonic kingdoms of Central Europe. Speaking very broadly, in the last century beforethe Christian
The arts and crafts of our Teutonic forefathers . TS OF OUR TEUTONIC FOREFATHERS The relations of the Romans with their neighbours in the north beforethe Migration Period. Importance of the Marcomannic war ofMarcus AureHus. Early History, and relations with the Empire,of the Goths. Historical and artistic importance of the connection with Runic writing. The Vandals and Suevi. The Alemanni and Bavarians. The Bur-gundians. The Lombards. The Franks. Absorption by theFranks of the other Teutonic kingdoms of Central Europe. Speaking very broadly, in the last century beforethe Christian era, western Europe may be regardedas divided into three zones stretching along itslength from east to west. The Mediterraneanzone, including the southward-tending peninsulasof Greece, Italy, and Spain, was Roman or in pro-cess of becominor Romanized. North of the line o of the Alps, in Gaul, Switzerland, and to an unde-fined extent farther to the east, the population wasCeltic ; while the third zone, beyond the well-marked 58 EARLY INCURSIONS A. frontier drawn by the courses of the Rhine and theDanube, was, in the west-ern part at any rate, inha-bited by Teutonic peoples,the Slavs begfinninor al-ready to press in from theeast. See Map A} With their Celtic neigh-bours the classical peoplesbecame familiar enoucfh, ^ , ^ . ^ , ^ Europe c. 60 Before Caesars and the Gauls made them- Gallic Wars. selves conspicuous in the histories both of RomeandGreece, but till the time of Julius Caesar little wasknown about the Germans. One German tribe,the Bastarnae, had migrated before 200 to theregions north of the Black Sea, where they threat-ened the Greek colonies, such as Olbia, and took partin the Macedonian and Mithridatic wars of thesecond and first centuries The incursion of theCimbri and Teutones of the days of Marius repre- ^ The shading on the maps indicates in its different fashions theregions occupied by the various peoples, and is used consistentlythrough the serie
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