. Healthy houses : a handbook to the history, defects, and remedies of drainage, ventilation, warming, and kindred subjects : with estimates for the best systems in use, and upward of three hundred illustrations . xcellent papers upon the evil effectsof smoke upon our health by Drs. Angus Smith, Calvert, and , in the volume of the Chemical News for the year I860. Mr. B. W. Gibsone has also for some time persistently urged theprinciple of Smoke drainage, and amongst its advantages he enu-merates :— Absence of smoke in a city atmosphere—Diminution of cost in construction ofvarious chimn
. Healthy houses : a handbook to the history, defects, and remedies of drainage, ventilation, warming, and kindred subjects : with estimates for the best systems in use, and upward of three hundred illustrations . xcellent papers upon the evil effectsof smoke upon our health by Drs. Angus Smith, Calvert, and , in the volume of the Chemical News for the year I860. Mr. B. W. Gibsone has also for some time persistently urged theprinciple of Smoke drainage, and amongst its advantages he enu-merates :— Absence of smoke in a city atmosphere—Diminution of cost in construction ofvarious chimney stacks—Absence of architectural disfigurements, such as zinc cowlsand red cylindric pots—Saving of fuel by total consumption of the smoke in the grate,the fire burning downwards instead of upwards—Greater ease in cleansing the fluefrom soot, and in the removal of ashes—Steadiness and irreversibility of air-draught>and power of thoroughly ventilating a room, even when unfurnished with a fire. Some of his conclusions are not, however, very clearly put. The theory of the removal of smoke on the smoke drainage principle,is very simply illustrated at Fig. 159p. Here is represented one of those. 15S2 large squares which the socialist teacher, Mr. Owen, proposed at onetime to build in Liverpool. The principle of such erections was evendiscussed by him and others in the Social Hall of that city. Abouta hundred houses were to be arranged in this form of a square, with achimney shaft in the centre as drawn at Fig. 159^?. The smoke fromeach side of the quadrangle was to be taken into the monster chimneyby descending flues from each house, joining into an underground flueleading into the shaft, as seen at Fig. I59q. A section of the proposedunderground flue, about 30 inches square, shewing the proposed double6 114 Objections to Smolce Drainage. walling and percolation trough below, is given at Fig. 159r. At thechimney base, a chamber was to be constructed—a regular furn
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