Farmers of forty centuries; or, Permanent agriculture in China, Korea and Japan . osses of plant food, as well as ways of supplying it. It is 248 RICE CULTURE IN THE ORIENT •^^ ,1 ;,T^^ . Fig. 13G. - Kgg plants growing; in fiic midst nf rice fields with soil continuallysaturated and water standing in surface drain within 14 inches of the surface;Japan. ik^^^^^^^^A^^BtemsKiii **.. ^i. A jjp^^^^pr^s*-?^» ^^^^H^^^^^^^™™^ ? ^^^??HP. 1 ??? ? A-,-, ^^^ -« Fig. 137. Waterinchins, with the gnminl hciivily mulched with .:trnw, growingOil low beds under conditions similar to those of Fig. 136. DRAINA
Farmers of forty centuries; or, Permanent agriculture in China, Korea and Japan . osses of plant food, as well as ways of supplying it. It is 248 RICE CULTURE IN THE ORIENT •^^ ,1 ;,T^^ . Fig. 13G. - Kgg plants growing; in fiic midst nf rice fields with soil continuallysaturated and water standing in surface drain within 14 inches of the surface;Japan. ik^^^^^^^^A^^BtemsKiii **.. ^i. A jjp^^^^pr^s*-?^» ^^^^H^^^^^^^™™^ ? ^^^??HP. 1 ??? ? A-,-, ^^^ -« Fig. 137. Waterinchins, with the gnminl hciivily mulched with .:trnw, growingOil low beds under conditions similar to those of Fig. 136. DRAINAGE 249 not alone where rice is grown that cultural methods are made toconserve soluble plant food and to reduce its loss from the field,for very often, where flooding is not practised, small fields andbeds, made quite level, are surrounded by low raised borderswhich permit not only the whole of any rain to be retained uponthe field when so desired, but to be completely distributed over it,thus causing the whole soil to be uniformly charged with moisture. Fig. 13S. - Looking along a path between two head ditches separating patchesof watermelons and taro, Japan. and preventing washing from one portion of the field to provisions are shown in Figs. 116 and 121. Extensive as is the acreage of irrigated rice in China, Korea andJapan, nearly every spear is transplanted; the largest and bestcrop possible, rather than the least labour and trouble, determin-ing their methods and practices. We first saw the fitting of thenursery rice beds at Canton and again near Kashing in Chekiangprovince on the farm of Mrs. Wu, whose homestead is seen in She had come with her husband from Ningpo after the rav-ages of the Taiping rebellion had swept from two provinces alone 250 RICE CULTURE IN THE ORIENT 20,000,000 of people, and settled on a small area of then vacatedland. As they prospered they added to their holding by purchaseuntil about 25 acres were acquired, an area
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