. The chordates. Chordata. 108 Basic Structure of Vertebrates. Fig. 105. Squalus vulgaris, Risso. (A) Dorsal fin and portion of the vertebral column; four anterior (at left) vertebrae are cut in sagittal section, (ac) Anterior cartilages (either modified radials or neural spines); (6c) basal cartilage: (c) centrum; (ca) calcified cylinder; (df) dorsal fin; (ha) hemal arch; (in) interdorsal cartilage; (iv) intervertebral ligament; (li) dorsal ligament; (na) neural arch; (nt) notochord; (r) radial cartilage; (sp) fin spine, with base cut away to expose cartilage core. The cartilage is dotted. (B
. The chordates. Chordata. 108 Basic Structure of Vertebrates. Fig. 105. Squalus vulgaris, Risso. (A) Dorsal fin and portion of the vertebral column; four anterior (at left) vertebrae are cut in sagittal section, (ac) Anterior cartilages (either modified radials or neural spines); (6c) basal cartilage: (c) centrum; (ca) calcified cylinder; (df) dorsal fin; (ha) hemal arch; (in) interdorsal cartilage; (iv) intervertebral ligament; (li) dorsal ligament; (na) neural arch; (nt) notochord; (r) radial cartilage; (sp) fin spine, with base cut away to expose cartilage core. The cartilage is dotted. (B) Calcified cylinder of a centrum. (From Goodrich: "Studies on the Structure and Development of ; By permission of The Macmillan Company, publishers.) the structure as a whole, being made possible by the inherent elasticity of all of the vertebral materials. Since bone is rigid, a bony vertebral column must have joints. Bony vertebrae bear various projecting processes, most of them serving for attachment of muscles. Most constant are a pair of trans- verse processes projecting laterally from the sides of the centrum (Fig. 103). A second pair of transverse processes may project laterally from the lower region of the neural arch. Also, there are usually accessory articulating processes, zygapophy- ses, consisting of a pair of prezy- gapophyses projecting forward from the anterior face of the neural arch and articulating with a pair of post- zygapophyses projecting backward from the posterior face of the neural arch of the adjacent vertebra (Figs. 103, 104). Other processes, less common in occurrence, may be present on either the centrum or the neural Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Rand, Herbert W. (Herbert Wilbur), 1872-1960. Philadelphia : Blakiston
Size: 2169px × 1152px
Photo credit: © Library Book Collection / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookcollect, bookpublisherphiladelphiablakiston
