Archive image from page 584 of The cyclopædia of anatomy and. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology cyclopdiaofana05todd Year: 1859 RUMINANTIA. 509 • is attenuated and compressed. Throughout the whole order there prevails considerable disparity as respects the cranium and face; the bones of the latter occupy fully two- thirds of the entire length of the skull, and the area of the face on section is nearly double that of the cranium. Bones of the cranium. — Eight bones enter into the composition of the adult cranium; viz , an occipital, a parietal, two frontal, a sphenoidal, an ethmoidal, a
Archive image from page 584 of The cyclopædia of anatomy and. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology cyclopdiaofana05todd Year: 1859 RUMINANTIA. 509 • is attenuated and compressed. Throughout the whole order there prevails considerable disparity as respects the cranium and face; the bones of the latter occupy fully two- thirds of the entire length of the skull, and the area of the face on section is nearly double that of the cranium. Bones of the cranium. — Eight bones enter into the composition of the adult cranium; viz , an occipital, a parietal, two frontal, a sphenoidal, an ethmoidal, and two temporal; and, in addition to these, some species are provided with two ossa triquetra or inter- parietals. Fig. 326 immediately in front. The occipital crest is prominent in the Llamas, and still more fully developed in the true Camels. In Bovidae the crest corresponding to the occipital is formed by the junction of the parietal and frontal bones, the superior occipital remaining flat. In ruminants generally, the paramastoid pro- cesses (/ Jig. 326.) are much elongated, falci- form, and curved inwards, and between these and the occipital condyles (i] a very deep fossa intervenes. In Camelidae, at the angle formed by the union of the petrous portion of the temporal with the lateral and superior occipitals there is a large opening on either side. In this family the anterior condyloid Skull of tie Ox viewed from behind. (From a spe- cimen in Lond. Coll. Surg. Museum.) The occipital bone (1 l,./?g. 326.), as in most of the mammalia, is originally divided into four, one superior, one inferior, and two lateral pieces (11', 'fig, 326.). These become early consolidated, and in the calf at the time of birth they are firmly united together and to the parietal and interparietal bones lying foramina are of moderate capacity, but n Cervidae they are of great size and some- times four in number, in which case two remain small. In CEgosceridae and Bovidae they are also large
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