Renal diseases : a clinical guide to their diagnosis and treatment . filtered, and theother left for some hours exposed to the air,the latter will furnish evidence of octohedralcrystals of oxalate of lime, while the former,from which the uric acid has been removed byprecipitation and filtration will not contain atrace. 238 THE URINE CHEMICALPROPERTY. Oxa-luria. All urines, whether derived from healthyindividuals or those suffering from disease ofthe most varying character, are capable offorming oxalate of lime crystals. The clinicalsignificance, then, of these crystals as a sedi-ment, is not w
Renal diseases : a clinical guide to their diagnosis and treatment . filtered, and theother left for some hours exposed to the air,the latter will furnish evidence of octohedralcrystals of oxalate of lime, while the former,from which the uric acid has been removed byprecipitation and filtration will not contain atrace. 238 THE URINE CHEMICALPROPERTY. Oxa-luria. All urines, whether derived from healthyindividuals or those suffering from disease ofthe most varying character, are capable offorming oxalate of lime crystals. The clinicalsignificance, then, of these crystals as a sedi-ment, is not what either Dr. Prout or Dr. Gold-ing Bird supposed. They are not significantof nervous depression or hypochondriasis, norof dyspeptic disorder, any more than they aresignificant of emphysema, chronic bronchitis,phthisis, or even diabetes, in all of which dis-orders abundant sediment of the oxalate notunfrequently The sediment of oxalate of lime, examinedby the microscope, is seen as octohedral crys-tals, or as the so-called dumb-bell crystals. The Fig. Crystals of oxalate of lime. octohedral crystals are usually of two forms—(1) the regular octohedron, (2) and what may 1 See also Dr. Parkes On the Urine, p. 221 ; and Dr. RobertsUrinary and Renal Diseases, p. 51. THE URINE. 239 PROPERTY. Oxa- be called the pyramidal octohedron, the longluria. axis exceeding considerably the rectangularbase. Occasionally the appearance on thefield of the glass is that of a square outline,with a black square centre, the angles of theblack portion of the figure being opposed tothe sides of the outer or light square. This ismerely due to transmitted light. The dumb-bell crystals were thought by Dr. Golding Birdto be oxalurate of lime. But this is not likely,for oxaluric acid, in combination with ammo-nia, as it probably exists in its formation outof uric acid, splits up into oxalic and urea inthe presence of lime salts to form oxalate I think the chemical facts already stated
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