. Cyclopedia of textile work : a general reference library on cotton, woollen and worsted yarn manufacture, weaving, designing, chemistry and dyeing, finishing, knitting, and allied subjects . er guide and on toa large reel. The acGom[)anying cuts (Fig. lo) will give an ideaof the process. Silk reeleddirectly from thecocoon is of themost V a 1 u a 1)1 equality, and con-stitutes the raw ornet silk of com-merce. The tangledand fine loose endsof the cocoon, aswell as that ol)-tained by degum-ining the brokenand injured c o- Fig. 14. coons, are combed like flax and s[»un sinnlar to worsted into wh
. Cyclopedia of textile work : a general reference library on cotton, woollen and worsted yarn manufacture, weaving, designing, chemistry and dyeing, finishing, knitting, and allied subjects . er guide and on toa large reel. The acGom[)anying cuts (Fig. lo) will give an ideaof the process. Silk reeleddirectly from thecocoon is of themost V a 1 u a 1)1 equality, and con-stitutes the raw ornet silk of com-merce. The tangledand fine loose endsof the cocoon, aswell as that ol)-tained by degum-ining the brokenand injured c o- Fig. 14. coons, are combed like flax and s[»un sinnlar to worsted into what is known as spunor floss silk. 76. Silk Fibre. Sill^ is characteri/.ed by its lustre, strength,elasticity and remarkable avidity for moistuie. Another character-istic property of silk is the peculiar cris[), crunching somid, orrustling, produced when it is handled, known as the xi-ronp ofsilk. It is a [)0()r condiictor of licat and electricity, but is easilyelectiified. This latter fact is one of tlie driiwbacks in silk manu-facturing, but can be overcome to a ceitain extent by keeping theair at the proper degree of moisture. Silk can be stretchedI to ^ its length without 43 36 TEXTILE CHEMISTRY AND DYEING. A microscopical examination of raw silk shows it to be a doublefibre. Occasionally the double fibre separates for a short distanceinto its components, and at these places the appearance is that oftwo solid cylindrical fibres. These two fibres are gumnied orglued togefiher by wh;it is termed silic glue, or sericin. 77. Hygroscopicity. As already mentioned, silk-like woolis very liygrosco[)ic, absorbing more than oO per cent of nioistuiewithout feeling the least moist. Owing to the high price of silk it is necessarj- that the selleras well as the buyer should know the percentage of actual silkthey are handling. Tliis fact has resulted in the establishmentthroughont the silk districts of what are known as -conditioningestablishments. At these establishments the a
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