. Medical diagnosis for the student and practitioner. inski reactionelicited by forcibly stroking the inner or median borderof the tibia. Gordon applies deep pressure to the calfmuscles (Gordons paradoxical flexor reflex). Plantar Reflex.—The chief value of this sign lies in its constancy in health,its frequent absence in hysteria, and its reversed form constituting the Babinskisign. If the sole of the foot, thoroughly dried, be stroked, the patientsattention being diverted, his position supine, the knee and thigh semiflexedwith the leg in outward rotation, plantar flexion of the toes beginnin
. Medical diagnosis for the student and practitioner. inski reactionelicited by forcibly stroking the inner or median borderof the tibia. Gordon applies deep pressure to the calfmuscles (Gordons paradoxical flexor reflex). Plantar Reflex.—The chief value of this sign lies in its constancy in health,its frequent absence in hysteria, and its reversed form constituting the Babinskisign. If the sole of the foot, thoroughly dried, be stroked, the patientsattention being diverted, his position supine, the knee and thigh semiflexedwith the leg in outward rotation, plantar flexion of the toes beginning withthe four outer, and dorsiflexion of the ankle result {second and third sacralsegments). Adductor-jerk.—Abduct thigh and tap adductor magnus contraction may occur on both sides in conditions of high reflexirritability. Organic Reflexes.—These involve chiefly respiration, deglutition, mic-turition, and defecation, and a full consideration of their complicatedmechanism is out of the question in a volume on medical Fig. 595.—Plantar re-flex. Upper plate showsnormal reflex plantarflexion. Lower:—Dorsi-flexion of great toe.(Babinskis sign.) SPECIAL REFLEXES 1197 They are best considered in relation to the symptomatology of the individualdiseases. Defecation.—To test the action of the rectal sphincter a digital examina-tion is necessary, the strength of the resistant or grasping contraction beingnoted. In health contraction follows a prick of the anal region. Rectal incontinence may be met with in all conditions associated withcoma or profound toxemia, such as typhoid, as well as in certain organicnervous diseases. There is sometimes a true reflex spasmodic incon-tinence. Micturition.—Dribbling of urine usually means overfilling of the bladderand calls for the use of the catheter. A true reflex incontinence may existsuch as seen in young children. Both rectal and vesical centers are in thelower lumbar (fourth and fifth) and upper sacral
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1920, booksubjectdiagnos, bookyear1922