. Animal communities in temperate America : as illustrated in the Chicago region; a study in animal ecology. Animal ecology; Zoology -- Illinois Chicago. ON ROCK 217 of the segments striped with yellow, is one of the most characteristic of moist woods, while others {Geophilus rubens and Lysiopetalum lac- tarium) are not uncommon. Ground beetles (Calathus gregarius Say) and bugs (Reduviolus subcoleoptratus) occur. In logs of fallen basswood we found the larvae of Tenebrionidae and Cerambycidae and of horntails, the burrowing hymenoptera, and the Mycetophilidae larvae (Sciara) (Fig. 174) (165).
. Animal communities in temperate America : as illustrated in the Chicago region; a study in animal ecology. Animal ecology; Zoology -- Illinois Chicago. ON ROCK 217 of the segments striped with yellow, is one of the most characteristic of moist woods, while others {Geophilus rubens and Lysiopetalum lac- tarium) are not uncommon. Ground beetles (Calathus gregarius Say) and bugs (Reduviolus subcoleoptratus) occur. In logs of fallen basswood we found the larvae of Tenebrionidae and Cerambycidae and of horntails, the burrowing hymenoptera, and the Mycetophilidae larvae (Sciara) (Fig. 174) (165). c) Field stratum and shrub stratum.—The field stratum has been but little studied. We have taken a few Scudderia nymphs, some spiders, and bugs, but no adequate study has been carried on. d) Tree stratum.—This has likewise been but little studied, but in these young forests, while the ground stratum is like that in the older forest, the tree stratum is poorly de- veloped because the trees are short saplings. As time goes on, however, the forest becomes more dense. Such a forest may be seen on the bluff at Lake Bluff, 5. OTHER BARE CLAY FORESTS Other bare clay young forests may be seen along the dumps of the drainage and Chicago-Michigan canals at Summit. Here we find practically the same stages as at Glencoe on the lake bluff. There are the steep clay bluffs with no perma- nent residents, the semi-stable bluffs, or weed-occupied areas. These are like the semi-stable bluffs at Glencoe but the tiger-beetle is another species and selects more nearly level places; otherwise it is very similar in habits. The shrub stage occurs but is without the snails, since the ground- water level is lower and the moisture in the soil of the lake bluff is wanting here. This causes the development of the ground stratum to lag behind, while it is in advance in the bluff forests. Accordingly we find a sapling forest made up largely of cottonwoods. This has not been studied. Fig. 174.—One
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