Hand book of calculations for engineers and firemen : Relating to the steam engine, the steam boiler, pumps, shafting, etc. . brass nuts embedded in the metal of the piston. When thethreads work loose, the nuts can be easily replaced. Hand Book of Calculations. 257 Piston piston rod is the member which transmits the motionimparted to the piston to the mechanism outside the consists of a truly cylindrical bar of wrought iron or steel,one end of which is fastened securely into the piston. Therod passes through the cylinder cover by means of a steam-tightstuffing box, as show
Hand book of calculations for engineers and firemen : Relating to the steam engine, the steam boiler, pumps, shafting, etc. . brass nuts embedded in the metal of the piston. When thethreads work loose, the nuts can be easily replaced. Hand Book of Calculations. 257 Piston piston rod is the member which transmits the motionimparted to the piston to the mechanism outside the consists of a truly cylindrical bar of wrought iron or steel,one end of which is fastened securely into the piston. Therod passes through the cylinder cover by means of a steam-tightstuffing box, as shown in Fig. 113, and the outer end terminatesin the cross-head. There are various methods in vogue offastening the rod into the body of the piston. Sometimes theend of the rod is turned cylindrical and a hole bored in thepiston slightly less in diameter than the rod. The piston isthen heated which causes it to expand, when the rod can beinserted. After cooling, the piston contracts, and holds therod firmly in its place. In the majority of cases the end of therod is turned conical as in Fig. 115, with a screw thread on the. I Fig. 115. extreme end, by means of which, together with a nut, the rodis firmly embedded in a conical recess bored in the piston. The strength of piston rods has to be fixed with special refer-ence to the fact that they are subject to alternating the piston is making the stroke towards the crank shafttin- rod is in compression, and when making the return strokethe rod 13 in tension. The maximum stress per square inchof cross section at <<iiij part of the stroke is equal to the totalpressure of the steam on flic piston divided by the area of therod. It is usual in designing pieces of machinery which haveto bear alternating strains of tension and compression to makethem much stronger than would be necessary were the strainahvaws of one sort. *5* Hand Book of Calculations. Connecting Rods and Cranks. The connecting rod is the link which enable
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