. Diseases of bees. Bees. 132 JouttmI of Agricultural Research voi. xxviii, No. 2 was at first erroneously called "black brood," to distinguish it from the "foul- brood" of sealed larvae. "Black brood" assumed epidemic proportions in New York State by 1897. This gave rise in American beekeeping literature to descrip- tions of two distinct diseases, as far as the age of the larvse attacked and the appearance from the resulting decomposition were concerned. RESULTING DETERMINATION OF ETIOLOGY As a result of the increasing devastation by this new disease, work was st
. Diseases of bees. Bees. 132 JouttmI of Agricultural Research voi. xxviii, No. 2 was at first erroneously called "black brood," to distinguish it from the "foul- brood" of sealed larvae. "Black brood" assumed epidemic proportions in New York State by 1897. This gave rise in American beekeeping literature to descrip- tions of two distinct diseases, as far as the age of the larvse attacked and the appearance from the resulting decomposition were concerned. RESULTING DETERMINATION OF ETIOLOGY As a result of the increasing devastation by this new disease, work was started in New York State in 1902 (53), which was later carried on by White {49, 50), on the bacteriology of these brood diseases, by which doubt was cast upon Bacillus alvei being the cause of any disease, although it was found to be asso- ciated only with European foulbrood. Furthermore, a new spore-forming bacillus distinct from Bacillus alvei was observed and cultivated on special culture media from the disease attacking the sealed larvae. This organism was at first designated Bacillus X but was later named Bacillus larvae (figs. 1 and 2). Subsequently this was found to be the cause of American foulbrood by experi- mental inoculation of healthy colonies with pure cultures (51). The symptoms. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original
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