Philo Carpenter (February 27, 1805 – August 7, 1886) was Chicago, Illinois' first pharmacist, and an outspoken abolitionist. His Christian faith and anti-slavery convictions led him to form a new church in Chicago, First Congregational, and to help form and lead the Chicago chapter of the American Anti-Slavery Society. He was a member of the Chicago Theological Society and was managing director of the Chicago Bible Society. In the aftermath of the Great Chicago Fire in 1871, Carpenter organized the Relief and Aid Society.

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