The Philosophical magazine; a journal of theoretical, experimental and applied physics . rminedthe change of absolute volume betvueen any two different the absolute amount of deviation from the law of Mariottebetween any two pressures has not been ascertained. We havealso to keep in view, that the influence of temperature as affectingthe amount of deviation has not been ascertained by M. Reg-nault. AU his observations were made on differences of volumeand of pressure between 0° and 100° C.; they tell us nothing ofsimilar differences taken between 10° and 110°, or between 50°and
The Philosophical magazine; a journal of theoretical, experimental and applied physics . rminedthe change of absolute volume betvueen any two different the absolute amount of deviation from the law of Mariottebetween any two pressures has not been ascertained. We havealso to keep in view, that the influence of temperature as affectingthe amount of deviation has not been ascertained by M. Reg-nault. AU his observations were made on differences of volumeand of pressure between 0° and 100° C.; they tell us nothing ofsimilar differences taken between 10° and 110°, or between 50°and 150°, &c. § 3. On examining the rationale of JMessrs. Thomson andJoules experiments with plugs, I find that by a simple processof computation we may deduce from them the two importantitems of information wanting in M. Regnaults researches. The details of the process are as follows:— The temperatiue of the experiment being, say 10° C.; the differ-ence of pressure from two to one atmosphere; and the cooling effect 280 Mr. J. J. Waterston on the Deviation from 1, represent. in passing through the plug 0°-26 C,a cylinder of air at the j)ressure ofone atnios])here and temperature10° C. Let the elastic force ofthe air in this cylinder be whollymaintained by the counterbalan-cing weight of the piston W, sothat we have to suppose a perfectvacuum to exist on the upper sideof it. By placing a small addi-tional weight w on W, suppose itto descend to g, so that theconse- gquent rise of temperature in theair contained in the cylinder maybe 0°-26 C. This increment ofheat being withdrawn, the pistonW descends from y to/. We maynow suppose w withdrawn from W,which consequently rises from /toe by the elastic force of the air inthe cylinder. There is a conse-quent loss of heat, and the tempe-rature of the contained airsinks0°26. This decrement of heatbeing restored, the piston rises to .D, its original position. The ratio of/_^, or its equal He, to D C is nearly the same asthat of
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