. Damage prog[r]ession on rubble-mound breakwaters. Rubble mound breakwaters; Breakwaters; Coastal engineering; Flumes; Hydrodynamics. Armer instability Armor Breakage. .sz_ IX Foundation setUement Figure Breakwater failure modes complex and difficult to quantify for the wide range and many permutations of the many variables involved. The variability is dependent on the stochastic nature of both the armor boundary conditions and loading. Boundary conditions are the points of contact underneath and between the armor stones. The boundary conditions are uncertain because of the irregular sto
. Damage prog[r]ession on rubble-mound breakwaters. Rubble mound breakwaters; Breakwaters; Coastal engineering; Flumes; Hydrodynamics. Armer instability Armor Breakage. .sz_ IX Foundation setUement Figure Breakwater failure modes complex and difficult to quantify for the wide range and many permutations of the many variables involved. The variability is dependent on the stochastic nature of both the armor boundary conditions and loading. Boundary conditions are the points of contact underneath and between the armor stones. The boundary conditions are uncertain because of the irregular stone shape and stone placement. The geotechnical characteristics of the foundation are also often uncertain. The loading of engineering interest is primarily due to incident storm waves that vary with storm intensity and storm location. The impact of the waves varies with water level and local bathymetry. The local water level varies with tide and storm surge. Waves can dislodge armor units by uplifting, rolling, or sliding individual units or by causing en masse movement of the entire armor layer. Armor units can be dislodged from the upslope layer without jeopardizing the integrity of the armor layer. But if enough armor units move and the. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Melby, Jeffrey A; United States. Army. Corps of Engineers; U. S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station; Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory (U. S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station). Vicksburg, Miss. : U. S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station
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