. Wisconsin medical recorder . the connec-tive tissue may allow: (a) Acute flexion of the ureter duringthe varied renal movements (especiallythe right) with consequent dilatation ofthe ureteral calyces and pelvis—a tem-porary mechanical obstruction. With aswan-shaped ureter marked degrees ofnephroptosia would occasion multipleacute flexions of the proximal ureteralisthmus. (b) With the narrow proximalureteral isthmus fixed ureteritis, ureter-al catarrh, mucous oedema might causeobstruction to the urinal stream—result-ing in re-ureter of the proximal ureter-al dilatation. (c) A swan-shaped uret
. Wisconsin medical recorder . the connec-tive tissue may allow: (a) Acute flexion of the ureter duringthe varied renal movements (especiallythe right) with consequent dilatation ofthe ureteral calyces and pelvis—a tem-porary mechanical obstruction. With aswan-shaped ureter marked degrees ofnephroptosia would occasion multipleacute flexions of the proximal ureteralisthmus. (b) With the narrow proximalureteral isthmus fixed ureteritis, ureter-al catarrh, mucous oedema might causeobstruction to the urinal stream—result-ing in re-ureter of the proximal ureter-al dilatation. (c) A swan-shaped ureter with itslimited diameter and slim neck, fixed,might become compromised in lumenfrom periureteritis—and consequent ci-catricial contraction. The original caly-ces, pelvis and proximal ureteral isth-mus was swan-shaped and the dilatation(uro-ureter) only accentuates the re-semblance to the neck and body of aswan. I think I have observed a liberaldozen of swan-shaped ureters in autop-sies. WISCONSIN MEDICAL RECORDER 203. FIGURE 1. THE SWAN-SHAPED URETER. The three ureteral dilatations. (Marked 1-2, 4, 6 in figures). The three ureteral isthmuses. (Marked 3, 4, 6). Figure 1.—This specimen, I secured it at an autopsy and it is drawn under alcoholfrom nature. It is what I termed the swan-shaped ureter, i. e., the ureteral pelvisdilates in the shape of the neck and body of a swan. The most indelible impressionnon-dilatable proximal ureteral isthmus (3). The middle isthmus (5) yield the most 204 WISCONSIN MEDICAL RECORDER among the 3 isthmuses. The 3 ureteral dilatations 1-2, 4, 6, are markedly dilated,especially (1-2). The ureteral pelvis dilated relatively more than the calyces. Theproximal ureteral isthmus was firmly fixed by connective tissue in distant renal grooveson the distal renal pole. Note the ureteral valves at V. This specimen is accompaniedby the nervus vasomotorius (sympathetic) which ensheaths vessels and ducts, rulingtheir peristalsis. The arteria renalis pre
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