Diseases of the heart and arterial system : designed to be a practical presentation of the subject for the use of students and practitioners of medicine . increasein width of the fibre, a corresponding increase in length. Thesetwo factors he considers sufficient to account for the increase with-out supposing any numerical increase in the fibres, and indeedevidence of the latter is wanting. The question can, however,hardly be considered settled as yet. The hypertrophied muscle is firm, cuts with increased resist-ance, and is usually of a deep-red colour. Increase of musculartissue without any c
Diseases of the heart and arterial system : designed to be a practical presentation of the subject for the use of students and practitioners of medicine . increasein width of the fibre, a corresponding increase in length. Thesetwo factors he considers sufficient to account for the increase with-out supposing any numerical increase in the fibres, and indeedevidence of the latter is wanting. The question can, however,hardly be considered settled as yet. The hypertrophied muscle is firm, cuts with increased resist-ance, and is usually of a deep-red colour. Increase of musculartissue without any corresponding increase in the blood-supplycauses retrograde changes to be common in hypertrophied hearts,and in consequence yellowish streaks of fatty degeneration, orgray or whitish areas of local fibrosis, are not uncommon. Thisis seen especially in the hypertrophy accompanying arteriosclero-sis and renal disease, in which affections the blood-supply to themyocardium may be reduced by reason of narrowing of the coro-nary vessels. The normal heart weighs about 300 grammes (10 ounces) inthe male and 250 grammes ( ounces) in the female. These 565. BYPERTROPHY OF THE BEART 567 figures arc for individuals of the average size, but of course theheart weight varies with that of I he whole body. In hypertrophythe weight may bo doubled or oven tripled. Stokes is said tohave reported a heart weighing CG ounces, but one weighing morethan COO grammes (20 ounces) is a very large organ. Accordingto Eichhorst, a generally enlarged heart may attain such dimen-sions as to extend from the right mamillary to the left midaxil-lary line. When the left ventricle is chiefly involved the organis conical and its apex blunt and broad (Fig. 104). When theright chamber is also enlarged it assumes a more quadrangularform, and the apex is formed wholly by the right ventricle(Plate III). The papillary muscles and columnar carnese share in the gen-eral hypertrophy, the latter especially in the right chambe
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