. Bulletin. Ethnology. MONOLITHIC HATCHET OF GREENSTONE, FROM A TENNESSEE MOUND. LENGTH 13 1-2 IN. (jONEs) Joseph Jones, in Tennessee, is made of greenstone, and is ISh in. in length; another, from a mound in York district, S. C, now in the National Museum, is also of greenstone; the third is from Mis- sissippi CO., Ark., and is owned by Mr Morris of that county (Thruston); the fourth, from a mound in Alabama, and now in possession of INIr C. B. Moore,. of Philadelphia, is 112 in. long, of greenstone, and a superb example of native lapi- darian work. Specimens of this class are much more numer
. Bulletin. Ethnology. MONOLITHIC HATCHET OF GREENSTONE, FROM A TENNESSEE MOUND. LENGTH 13 1-2 IN. (jONEs) Joseph Jones, in Tennessee, is made of greenstone, and is ISh in. in length; another, from a mound in York district, S. C, now in the National Museum, is also of greenstone; the third is from Mis- sissippi CO., Ark., and is owned by Mr Morris of that county (Thruston); the fourth, from a mound in Alabama, and now in possession of INIr C. B. Moore,. of Philadelphia, is 112 in. long, of greenstone, and a superb example of native lapi- darian work. Specimens of this class are much more numerous in the Bahamas and the West Indies. As all are carefully finished, some being provided with a perforated knob or projection at the end of the handle for the insertion of a thong, it is jjrobable that they served as maces or for some other ceremonial use. On the Pacific coast the stone war club some- times took the form of a monolithic hatchet (Niblack). The combination of the iron hatchet with the tobacco pipe as a single imple- ment, often called the tomahawk pipe, became very general in colonial and later times, and as no counterpart of this de- vice is found in aboriginal art, it was probably devised by the whites as a use- ful and profitable combination of the .sym- bols of peace and war. To "take up the hatchet" was to declare war, and "to bury the hatchet" was to conclude peace. According to some authors the hatchet pipe was a formidable weapon in war, but in the forms known to-day it is too light and fragile to have taken the place of the stone ax or the iron hatchet. It has passed entirely out of the realm of weap- ons. See Axes, Calumet, Celts, Pipes, Tom- ahawks. Consult C. C. Jones, Antiq. So. Inds., 1873; Jos. Jones, Aboriginal Remains of Tenn., 1876; McCulloch, Researches, 1829; McGuire in Rep. Nat. Mus., 1897; Moore, various memoirs in Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1894-1905; Morgan, League of the Iroquois, 1904; Niblack in Rep. Nat. Mus. 1
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