. The boy travellers in the Russian empire: adventures of two youths in a journey in European and Asiatic Russia, with accounts of a tour across the schools to be given tothe most capable applicants, whether priests or not. This was a great stepin advance, as the priests were not unfrequently nearly as illiterate as thepeople they were set to instruct. To show how we are progressing, let me say that in 1S60 only twoout of every hundred recruits levied for the army were able to read andwrite ; in 1870 the proportion had increased to eleven in a hundred, andin 1882 to nineteen in a hu
. The boy travellers in the Russian empire: adventures of two youths in a journey in European and Asiatic Russia, with accounts of a tour across the schools to be given tothe most capable applicants, whether priests or not. This was a great stepin advance, as the priests were not unfrequently nearly as illiterate as thepeople they were set to instruct. To show how we are progressing, let me say that in 1S60 only twoout of every hundred recruits levied for the army were able to read andwrite ; in 1870 the proportion had increased to eleven in a hundred, andin 1882 to nineteen in a hundred. In 1880 there were 22,770 primary-schools in the villages, with 1,140,915 pupils: 904,918 boys and 235,997girls. Tlie teachers were 19,511 men and 4878 women. Some of the COURSE OF STUDY IN RUSSIAN SCHOOLS. 151 primary - schools are entirely supported by tlie Government, and otherspartly by the Government and partly by a small tax npon the parents ofeach pupil. The latter plan is not satisfactory, as it discourages poor peo-ple with many children from sending them to school, and it is probablethat in a few years all the schools will be LllTLE iOLKS AT tiCHOOL. One of the youths asked what was taught in the village schools ofRussia. Reading and writing, the professor answered, are the first things,as a matter of course; and then come arithmetic, grammar, and geography,in the order I have named them. Chnrch and State are so closely con-nected in Russia that the primary education includes the form of prayer;it is a part of the daily exercise of the schools, except for those who pro-fess other than the orthodox faith, and in former times children of dis-senters were not allowed to attend the schools. Catholics, Lutherans, andothers were instructed by their own teachers, and, failing this, they had noinstruction whatever. At present children of aii}^ faith can attend thevillage schools, and where there is a mixed population the schools aredivided. In 1850, the professo
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