Social England : a record of the progress of the people in religion, laws, learning, arts, industry, commerce, science, literature and manners, from the earliest times to the present day . arked or so momentousas the beginnings of our American colonies in 1585, or ourIndian dominion in 1601. Yet the general progress ofEnglish trade, commerce, maritime activity, and colonisationis undeniable : surer, perhaps, and steadier, though less bril-liant than before; it is now that England clearly distancesall her rivals, on the sea and in the new world to Eastand West—even the latest and most obstinate
Social England : a record of the progress of the people in religion, laws, learning, arts, industry, commerce, science, literature and manners, from the earliest times to the present day . arked or so momentousas the beginnings of our American colonies in 1585, or ourIndian dominion in 1601. Yet the general progress ofEnglish trade, commerce, maritime activity, and colonisationis undeniable : surer, perhaps, and steadier, though less bril-liant than before; it is now that England clearly distancesall her rivals, on the sea and in the new world to Eastand West—even the latest and most obstinate, the Frenchand the Dutch. The Buccaneers, in the sense of Dampiers age, were first The Buc-organised from the pirate volunteers of Elizabeths time,when, early in the seventeenth century, the Spaniardsabandoned the mines of St. Domingo, and the island wastaken possession of by French wanderers, who had been drivenout of St. Kitts. Later on, the freebooters capital was movedto the hilh and thickly wooded island of Tortuga, which theythoroughly subdued. They hunted wild bulls, each man withhis musket and dogs, returning (Exquemelin tells us) after cancers. 32 TJltJ AGE OF 3ARTOLOM£W PORIUGUEiY^ expeditions lasting the space of a year or two, to re tit anddivide the spoil. Their cattle-hides they sold to the Dutchtraders of the West Indies: their servants or slaves were often unfortunates, like Ex-qucnielin himself, decoyedfrom Europe, and inducedor forced to bind themselvesfor a term of 3ears^—besidesthose slaves natural,whom they captured fromamoni; the coloured races ofAarious shades. The Spaniards Avere in-flexible in their exclusivepolicy; and their attemptto treat every foreigner onthe coast of the AmericanContinent as a smuggler ora robber was the ultimatereason of the buccaneerintjleague among the more ad-venturous and desperatemariners of other Europeannations, who from cattle hunters gradually became pirates. Atfirst these privateers made their cruises in
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, bookidsocialenglan, bookyear1901
