. Manual of fruit insects. uthward to the lati-tude of Washington and westward toMontana. In the North the scalesoften develop on the fruit itself, caus-ing red spots similar to those pro-duced by the San Jose scale (). The oyster-shell scale is readilydistinguished from all other scale-in-sects injuriously infesting deciduousfruit-trees in America by its peculiarshape and color, resembling a minia-ture elongate, curved oyster shell ofa dark brownish bark-like color. Theconvex scale covering the body of thefemale is about ^ of an inch long andconsists of two minute cast skins atthe smal
. Manual of fruit insects. uthward to the lati-tude of Washington and westward toMontana. In the North the scalesoften develop on the fruit itself, caus-ing red spots similar to those pro-duced by the San Jose scale (). The oyster-shell scale is readilydistinguished from all other scale-in-sects injuriously infesting deciduousfruit-trees in America by its peculiarshape and color, resembling a minia-ture elongate, curved oyster shell ofa dark brownish bark-like color. Theconvex scale covering the body of thefemale is about ^ of an inch long andconsists of two minute cast skins atthe smaller end and a large scaly por-tion gradually secreted from the bodyof the insect underneath. The malescale is much smaller and rarely seenon fruit-trees; they are often abun-dant on ash. Old lifeless scales oftenadhere to the bark for several at any time from September to May the female scalesformed during the preceding summer be overturned, they will befound to cover from 30 to 100 minute, white eggs and the much. Fig. —Apple branchbadly infested with the oyster-shell scale. APPLE INSECTS 173 shriveled, dead body of the mother tucked away at the smallerend (Fig. 173). Thus hibernation in the egg stage lasts for8 or 9 months, the time of hatching in the spring depending muchon weather conditions. Hatching may begin as early as themiddle of May in the North, but in 1907 it was a month laterin New York. The mere specks of active six-legged, pale yel-lowish-white young (Fig. 171) that hatch from the eggs sooncrawl out from under the scale and in a few hours settle downon the bark, insert their long, thread-like sucking tube, secrete
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