India rubber world . scendants from the In-dians intermixed with Spanishimmigrants, are much more ac-customed to life in the wilds, and to the carrying of Castilloa trees in Peru have mostly been destroyed, whilein the territory of the more western streams flowing into theAmazon in Brazil—the Javary and Jurua rivers—their numberhas greatly decreased. Not many years have passed since theJurud districts had the largest exports of the product of Cau-cho. At the present time most of the Castilloa rubber is gath-ered in the territory of the Purus and Madeira rivers. Many Peruvians from th
India rubber world . scendants from the In-dians intermixed with Spanishimmigrants, are much more ac-customed to life in the wilds, and to the carrying of Castilloa trees in Peru have mostly been destroyed, whilein the territory of the more western streams flowing into theAmazon in Brazil—the Javary and Jurua rivers—their numberhas greatly decreased. Not many years have passed since theJurud districts had the largest exports of the product of Cau-cho. At the present time most of the Castilloa rubber is gath-ered in the territory of the Purus and Madeira rivers. Many Peruvians from the eastern parts of their country maketheir way into Brazil, and many of their home villages have attimes no male population, their women rarely accompanyingthe men on their journeys. These Peruvians, known as Cau-cheros, are under the leadership of a contractor, who entersinto an agreement with the proprietors of the rubber districtsand pays them a tax. On the outward journey Brazilian river steamers are made use. CASTILLOA ULEI (WARBURG). [F—Branch, with fruit. 6—Fruit. //—Section of natural size.] •Extracts from KautschukgewinnunK und Kautschukhaodel am Amazon-strome, published as a supplement to Der Trofienjianzgr (Berlin), January,1905- of, unless an opportunity offers for embarking on Peruvian ves-sels, which are compelled to sail under the Brazilian flag. Pe-ruvian settlements are scattered along the banks of the streams,and often serve the Caucho gatherers as a point of most necessary utensils and provisions must be takenalong on the journeys through the woods. Chopping knives[ter(;ados), axes, guns, ammunition, hammocks, mosquito net-ting, some clothing, mandioca (tapioca) flour, and dried fishmake up the most indispensable articles. In regard to food,the requirements of the Peruvian are very simple, but, being agood hunter, he Is seldom long without fresh game of somekind or other. When the Caucheros, who always journey in sma
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