. A church history for the use of schools and colleges . chael and his adherents. The CONSTITUTION AND CULTUS 103 patriarch answered by a similar anathema, and thusthe rupture between the two Churches was completed in1054. Later attempts (1273 and 1438) to reunite themhad no lasting results. 44. Papacy and the Church Offices. The independence ofthe higher churchofficers was con-siderably circum-scribed by thepapal power. Anarchbishop wasnot allowed toenter upon thedischarge of hisduties before hehad obtained thepallium at Romeand given hisoath of allegianceto the Pope. Inthe official func-tion
. A church history for the use of schools and colleges . chael and his adherents. The CONSTITUTION AND CULTUS 103 patriarch answered by a similar anathema, and thusthe rupture between the two Churches was completed in1054. Later attempts (1273 and 1438) to reunite themhad no lasting results. 44. Papacy and the Church Offices. The independence ofthe higher churchofficers was con-siderably circum-scribed by thepapal power. Anarchbishop wasnot allowed toenter upon thedischarge of hisduties before hehad obtained thepallium at Romeand given hisoath of allegianceto the Pope. Inthe official func-tions of the arch-bishops and bish-ops the Popeinterfered, when-ever it pleasedhim, either per-sonally or through his lagates sent to the differentcountries with full power to act in his behalf. To promote the advancement of the clergy in knowl-edge and piety bishop Chrodegang of Metz (about 760)had established a. rule that the priests who officiated atthe same cathedral should like the monks live togetherand devote themselves to study and devotional exer-. Bishop (St. Augustine). 104 THE MEDLEVAL ERA cises according to a certain rule (Canon, Canonici). Someof these priests were to impart instruction to the youngmen who intended to devote themselves to the servicesof the Church. In this way the Cathedral Schools rule soon became general throughoutthe West. The original purpose was, indeed, abandonedafter a century, yet the institution had a lasting in-fluence since in it the Cathedral Chapter had its Chapter became an advisory body to the bishopand slowly acquired great influence in the governmentof the diocese, and at the Fourth Lateran Synod, in1215, the power of electing the bishop was laid in itshands. The Pallium (see illustration, p. 118) is a scarf of white wool,about three inches wide, worn over the shoulders, with one bandin front and one on the back reaching down to the knees, orna-mented with purple crosses, embroidered or woven into it. It i
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