Transactions . ing lowered and brought forward, contractstrongly, and draw up the sternum and the sternalend of the clavicle. In addition, the os hyoides israised by the genio-hyoid and digastricus. Thethyroid cartilage is drawn upwards and backwardsby the thyro-hyoid. The omo and sterno-hyoidand sterno-thyroid assist in raising the sternum andthe scapula. The dilators of the nostril, the separators of thelips, the depressors and movers forwards and down-wards of the tongue, and the elevators of the palate,increase the inlets of air, and convert the gorge forthe food into an air passage. The h
Transactions . ing lowered and brought forward, contractstrongly, and draw up the sternum and the sternalend of the clavicle. In addition, the os hyoides israised by the genio-hyoid and digastricus. Thethyroid cartilage is drawn upwards and backwardsby the thyro-hyoid. The omo and sterno-hyoidand sterno-thyroid assist in raising the sternum andthe scapula. The dilators of the nostril, the separators of thelips, the depressors and movers forwards and down-wards of the tongue, and the elevators of the palate,increase the inlets of air, and convert the gorge forthe food into an air passage. The head and uppercervical vertebrae advance. The occiput descends,the mouth and nostrils are raised, and the air pas-sages are straightened. The scapulae are raised bythe upper head of the trapezius. OF THE 1NTKKNAL ORGANS. ,%l 13,—EFFECTS OF ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION N THEPOSITION OF THE RIBS AND [NTERNAL ORGANS. Thomas Malvern, AGED 31, Pattknt ok Dr. J, (. Williams; Phthisis—Haemoptysis; Lungs 1. Lower margin of right lung before it was inflated ; la. Lower margin of right lung after it was inflated ; 1. Left lung—16. Trachea 5. Aorta (i. Branches of pulmonary artery—7. Liver 9. Spleen—10. Kidnies : strongly-marked line, before the right lung was inflated ; faintly-dotted line, right kidney, after the rightlung was inflated. The continuous lines indicate the position of the ribs before the lungs wereinflated. The interrupted lines indicate the position of the ribs after the lungs were inflated. 362 ON CHANGES IN THE SITUATION Diaphragm.—The diaphragm, the bulging floorof the thorax, the domed roof of the abdomen, isuniversally, but unequally lowered. The wholecircuit of its attachment, except at the vertebrae,is enlarged by the costal expansion; its superficialarea is consequently increased. The right bulge, being the highest and the mostmoveable, is lowered more and made flatter thaneither the left bulge or the central portion. Muscular contraction first fla
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