Introduction to structural and systematic botany, and vegetable physiology, : being a 5th and revedof the Botanical text-book, illustrated with over thirteen hundred woodcuts . 98. An individual of a Moss (Physcornitrium pyriforme), enlarged to about twelvetimes the natural size. 99. Tip of a leaf, cut across, much magnified, to show that it is madeup (except the midrib) of a single layer of cells. PLANTS OF THE HIGHER GRADE. 69 blest Mosses or the minutest Moulds, spring from single cells orspores (97), and not from true seeds. And the apparatus by whichthese spores are produced, whatever be
Introduction to structural and systematic botany, and vegetable physiology, : being a 5th and revedof the Botanical text-book, illustrated with over thirteen hundred woodcuts . 98. An individual of a Moss (Physcornitrium pyriforme), enlarged to about twelvetimes the natural size. 99. Tip of a leaf, cut across, much magnified, to show that it is madeup (except the midrib) of a single layer of cells. PLANTS OF THE HIGHER GRADE. 69 blest Mosses or the minutest Moulds, spring from single cells orspores (97), and not from true seeds. And the apparatus by whichthese spores are produced, whatever be its nature, is not a of the lower grade (98, . 100 99) are therefore collectivelydenominated 113. Flowerlcss or Cryptoga- niOUS Plants. The first nameexpresses the fact that the organs of fructification in theseplants are not of the natureof real flowers. The secondname, which Avas introducedby Linnaeus, and is composedof two Greek words meaning concealed fructification, re-fers to the obscure nature ofthe organs or the processes ofreproduction in these plants,which have only recently cometo be understood. Some ac-count of them will be givenin Chapter Sect. n. Plants of the Higher Grade; their Develop-ment from the Seed. 114. Flowering or Phamogamous Plants,* —so called in contradis-tinction to the Flowerless or Cryptogamous, — is the general namefor the higher grade of plants, to which our ordinary herbs, shrubs,and trees belong, and which may be said to exhibit the perfected typeof vegetation. The lower grade begins with plants so simple as to * Sometimes written Phanerogamous. Both terms are made from the sameGreek words, and signify, by a metaphorical expression, the counterpart ofCryptogamous; that is, that the essential organs of the flower are manifest orconspicuous. FIG. 100. Sketch of a Tree Fern, Dicksonia arborescens, of St. Helena; after Dr. J. 101. Polypodium vulgare, a common Fern, with its creeping stem or rootstock. 70 DEVELOPME
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Keywords: ., bookauthorgra, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1860, booksubjectbotany
