Contributions in geographical exploration . elieved, therefore,that the photographs are the most valuable means of locatingthe stations, containing as they do, much data not susceptibleof description. (See pages 4 and 5). In planning for the work before reaching the field, it wasassumed that the best form of vegetation station for the workwould be the meter ciuadrat developed by Clements. Experienceshowed, however, that the ground covered by a definitelylocated photograph makes a more satisfactory station. Thephotograph possesses several distinct advantages over the Nov., l*.) Recovery of
Contributions in geographical exploration . elieved, therefore,that the photographs are the most valuable means of locatingthe stations, containing as they do, much data not susceptibleof description. (See pages 4 and 5). In planning for the work before reaching the field, it wasassumed that the best form of vegetation station for the workwould be the meter ciuadrat developed by Clements. Experienceshowed, however, that the ground covered by a definitelylocated photograph makes a more satisfactory station. Thephotograph possesses several distinct advantages over the Nov., l*.) Recovery of Vegetation at Kodiak 29 method of laboriously mapping square quadrats employed byClements. (1) It has unlimited flexibility as to size. It is asreadily adaptable to the minutest group of seedlings as to awhole hillside (See page 30 and page 40). (2) In every easeit records conditions with a fidelity to detail unattainable byany other method at anything like the same scale. One hasonly to decide with what detail a given situation should Ije. Photograph by R. F. Griggs ALDER SEEDLINGS COME UP L\ THE ASH AROUND THE FALLEN-FRUITS, NATURAL SIZE. recorded, and set up his camera at a distance suitable forrendering that detail. (3) In all but the largest scale picturesthe record, by including some prominent feature in the land-scape, can be made to carry its location with it more accuratelythan any ordinary verbal description. (See page 39). (4) Iteliminates the personal equation, which becomes very large inmapping even if it is attempted to include every detail. (5) Itshows many things not noticed by the observer. It oftenhappens that the development of vegetation occurs along 30 The Ohio Journal of Science [Vol. XIX, No. 1, unexpected lines, so that objects which at the beginning wereincluded merely incidentally turn out to be of first 17, for example, (see page 26) was located for the purposeof recording the return of vegetation in the foreground and nospecial att
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