. Clinical gyncology, medical and surgical. during the past few years have had recourse to the boil-ing of the instruments in water and other fluids. The French writers haverecommended boiling glycerin and oil of various kinds, but the use ofthese need not be discussed here, since in simple boiling water we have anefficient and speedy disinfectant for instruments. Five minutes suffice forcomplete sterilization. The most serious objection to the use of plain water,which has been very warmly recommended by Dandrohn, Itcdard, andothers, lies in the serious damage done to the instruments. If they
. Clinical gyncology, medical and surgical. during the past few years have had recourse to the boil-ing of the instruments in water and other fluids. The French writers haverecommended boiling glycerin and oil of various kinds, but the use ofthese need not be discussed here, since in simple boiling water we have anefficient and speedy disinfectant for instruments. Five minutes suffice forcomplete sterilization. The most serious objection to the use of plain water,which has been very warmly recommended by Dandrohn, Itcdard, andothers, lies in the serious damage done to the instruments. If they areplaced in ordinary cold water and boiled, they will often be found to bestudded with spots or even covered thickly with rust. The danger can toa great extent be avoided if the water be boiled for some time before theinstruments are placed in it, and the addition of some alkali to the boilingwater is a sure preventive, the one best suited for the purpose, as shown bySchimmelbusch, being ordinary washing-soda (sodium carbonate). Fig. Boiler for soda solution. The method employed by Schimmelbusch for sterilizing instruments isby far the most convenient and effective for general employment, and hasbeen used for some time in many operating-rooms witli universally satisfac-tory results. It was first introduced into von Bergmanns clinic in Berlin,and, while free from objection from a bacteriological stand-point, has theadditional advantages of requiring very little time, of being inexpensive, andof entirely doing away with the danger of rust. Soda also adds to the dis-infectant power of the boiling water. Repeated experiments made to testthe efficacy of the method have shown that a boiling one-per-cent. sodasolution kills all known pyogenic organisms in from two to three seconds,while anthrax spores are all destroyed after an exposure of two procedure is as follows. The instruments (which have been thoroughlyeleansed after the preceding operation) arc boiled for fi
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