. Architecture for general students. ed by the in-Acanthus. troductiou of additional mouldings. The capital in this order is the distinguishing feature,and is remarkable for its beauty and elegance. Thelower part is composed of two rows of acanthusleaves, placed one above another, eight leaves ineach row. From those on each of the four sides ofthe capital, rise two double branches, — the innersmall branches bending towaidthe centre, and meeting in spiralwhorls called caulicoles or hel-ices under the middle of thecuived side of the them is placed an orna-ment, sometimes of rose for
. Architecture for general students. ed by the in-Acanthus. troductiou of additional mouldings. The capital in this order is the distinguishing feature,and is remarkable for its beauty and elegance. Thelower part is composed of two rows of acanthusleaves, placed one above another, eight leaves ineach row. From those on each of the four sides ofthe capital, rise two double branches, — the innersmall branches bending towaidthe centre, and meeting in spiralwhorls called caulicoles or hel-ices under the middle of thecuived side of the them is placed an orna-ment, sometimes of rose form,and sometimes a palm like flower. The outerbranches extend towards the corners of the abacus,and here they also form whorls, but much largerthan the central ones. The abacus, curving out-ward to these corners, gives an opportunity forcomplete whorls under each of its four sides, andthose of contiguous sides meet each other at theseangles — the extremities of which are slightlysquared. The edge of the abacus is formed of an ^v^. Helices. Architecture. 6i i^y&. ovolo, fillet, and cavetto, rising one above acanthus leaves of the lower row sometimesgave way to the slender lance-like leaves of thewater reeds, and in other ways this order was varied,but never so as to lose its general characteristics. The architrave in this order is the same as in theIonic, but the frieze was frequently orna-mented with arabesques sculptured in bas-relief, while the cornice had its variousmouldings richly wrought in leaf and ^hflower designs. Under the cornice was aseries of brackets, bearing a leaf or scrollon the under side, and called modillions. The intercolumniations or spaces be-tween the columns, varied in the differ-ent orders, and also in different and a half diameters was the rule for ^•-^^^^q^-the Doric; in the Ionic this was increased to two,but it extended to three, and sometimes even to afraction beyond. Columns not unfrequently rest-ed upon a pedestal
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1870, booksubjectarchitecture, bookyea
