. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences. Science; Natural history; Natural history -- California. AB be a conductor in which a current is flowing in the direc- tion of the arrows, and rising in value. Lines of force E rise out around AB and cut the neighboring conductor CD, setting up a pressure in it, opposite in direction to the current flowing in AB. If CD be a closed circuit, a current will How in CD in the direction of the arrows. The lines of force E as they cut CD, tear the electrons out of the atoms of the copper and set them to flowing in the direction indicated. Whe
. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences. Science; Natural history; Natural history -- California. AB be a conductor in which a current is flowing in the direc- tion of the arrows, and rising in value. Lines of force E rise out around AB and cut the neighboring conductor CD, setting up a pressure in it, opposite in direction to the current flowing in AB. If CD be a closed circuit, a current will How in CD in the direction of the arrows. The lines of force E as they cut CD, tear the electrons out of the atoms of the copper and set them to flowing in the direction indicated. When the current in AB becomes steady, the current in CD ceases to flow. It is necessary that the lines of force be moving and cutting at an angle across the circuit CD in order to set up a current in it. When these lines of force fall in upon AB, they set up a current in CD flowing in the same direction as the current in AB. On account of the above phenomena it is necessary to as- sume that the lines of force have Figure 1. The nature of the field that exists around a moving neg- ative charge can thus be studied, since the electric current con- sists of a stream of negative charges. The field about a moving positive charge cannot be studied, because the positive charge does not flow in a conductor, and when it does How as in an electrolyte, it is always associated with a negative charge, the two flowing in opposite directions. In this case also their move- ment is very slow, since both charges are associated with atoms. In the voltaic cell and the electrolytic cell, the flow of electrons that constitutes the electric current is also associated with the movement of these charged atoms, or ions. When the cathode ray or ultra violet light falls upon a gas, the gas becomes ionized. In order to account for this J. J. Thomson assumed that the radiations knock electrons or negative charges out of the neutral atoms. An atom minus an elestron then becomes positively charged. T
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