The sea west of Spitsbergen; the oceanographic observations of the Isachsen Spitsbergen Expedition in 1910 . 0o> but being mostfrequently and °/00, with temperatures about — ° C. The salinities of the cold bottom-water at the Belgica stations are mostfrequently ° 00, and in a few cases 3491 and ° 00. There are,however, no observations of the salinity at greater depths than 1800 metres,and it is possible that somewhat lower values would have been found atthe greater depths near the bottom where the temperature sank to — 0-* HELLAND-HANSEN AND FRIDTJOF NA
The sea west of Spitsbergen; the oceanographic observations of the Isachsen Spitsbergen Expedition in 1910 . 0o> but being mostfrequently and °/00, with temperatures about — ° C. The salinities of the cold bottom-water at the Belgica stations are mostfrequently ° 00, and in a few cases 3491 and ° 00. There are,however, no observations of the salinity at greater depths than 1800 metres,and it is possible that somewhat lower values would have been found atthe greater depths near the bottom where the temperature sank to — 0-* HELLAND-HANSEN AND FRIDTJOF NANSEN. Kl. and —° C, which would be more in accordance with the salinities atthe Amundsen stations and the Isachsen stations. It seems, however, asif the salinities of the bottom-water have on the whole had a tendency tobe somewhat higher at the Belgica stations than at the Amundsen stations Fig. 39. Observations of the Bottom-water at 2000 (and 1800) metres, during the MichaelSars Exp. 1900, the Amundsen Exp. 1901, the Belgica Exp. 1905 lat i8od metres), and the Isachsen Exp. to the south, and the Isachsen stations to the east (cf. Figs. 39 and 40).Whether this is due to slight differences which really have existed in thesea, or to slight differences in the titrations, cannot be decided. From what has been pointed out above, we may 1 draw the conclusion that the bottom-water, when it is formed in the region ofAmundsens stations, has at 2000 metres a temperature of about — ° C. igi2. No. 12. THE SEA WEST OF SPITSBERGEN. 53 (corresponding to about — C. at the surface) and a salinity of be-tween and °/oo. This water, with a density {at) of about ,spreads slowly along the bottom of the sea outwards from this intermixture with overlying waters the temperature as well as the Fi<*. 40. Observations of the Bottom-water at 1200 metres, during the Amundsen Exp. in1901, the Belgica Exp. in 1905 and the Isachsen Exp.
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