. Karakoram and western Himalaya 1909, an account of the expedition of H. R. H. Prince Luigi Amadeo of Savoy, duke of the Abruzzi. the upper Siachen glacier,at a place intermediate between Sirsil and the Upper Baltoro, is a weighty argumentin favour of the continuity of this band of mesozoic limestone for some 90 miles,through a region which is yet unexplored, even geographically. The importance of this discovery is not merely geological but also, andprincipally, geogi-aphical. The course of the watershed, between the Indus valleyand the closed drainage area of Turkestan, from the Mustagh to t
. Karakoram and western Himalaya 1909, an account of the expedition of H. R. H. Prince Luigi Amadeo of Savoy, duke of the Abruzzi. the upper Siachen glacier,at a place intermediate between Sirsil and the Upper Baltoro, is a weighty argumentin favour of the continuity of this band of mesozoic limestone for some 90 miles,through a region which is yet unexplored, even geographically. The importance of this discovery is not merely geological but also, andprincipally, geogi-aphical. The course of the watershed, between the Indus valleyand the closed drainage area of Turkestan, from the Mustagh to the Karakorampass, was uncertain and badly known, in spite of certain peaks having been trigono-metrically fixed, as it had been barely seen and never crossed by the explorerswho followed each other at long intervals. The Italian expedition obtained, from Windy Gap, on 15th June, 1909, thefirst view over the unknown country east of the mountains bounding the Baltoroglacier, and saw, to the left of Gasherbrum, not the valley of the Oprang tributaryof the Yarkand, seen a few days previously by His Royal Highness from the Savoia. Geolo<iical Results. 441 !^ pass to the west of K-, but another valley, with a glacier draining to the south-east. Almost simultaneously, on 16th June, 1909, Dr. LongstafE crossed the presumedwatershed by the Saltoro pass and descended onto a glacier which, a couple ofmonths later, was suspected on the suggestion of Colonel Burrard to bethe upper portion of the Saichar or Siachen glacier, previously known onlyat its lower end, and believed to have a length of about 20 miles, instead ofthe 45 miles it is now known to reach. The source of the Siachen is thuspushed back to an untraversed pass, seen by Dr. LongstafE from an estimateddistance of 12 miles, and supposed to be the same as that reported, from thenorthern side, at the head of the Urdok glacier by Sir F. Younghusband, in hisexploration of the Oprang valley in 1889; a pass which seems to lie in abo
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