Forest physiography; physiography of the United States and principles of soils in relation to forestry . to 1000 feet above the coastal plain,and it is chiefly on this border that rainfall occurs.^ The Edwards limestone has a high absorptive capacity because of itslow dip and the extensive system of fissures and caverns developed init. These structures operate also to convey a large part of the water tothe deeper strata, from which it discharges as spring water on the valley I W. L. Bray, The Timber of the Edwards Plateau of Texas: its Relation to Climate, WaterSupply, and Soil, Bull. U. S. Bu
Forest physiography; physiography of the United States and principles of soils in relation to forestry . to 1000 feet above the coastal plain,and it is chiefly on this border that rainfall occurs.^ The Edwards limestone has a high absorptive capacity because of itslow dip and the extensive system of fissures and caverns developed init. These structures operate also to convey a large part of the water tothe deeper strata, from which it discharges as spring water on the valley I W. L. Bray, The Timber of the Edwards Plateau of Texas: its Relation to Climate, WaterSupply, and Soil, Bull. U. S. Bur. For. No. 49, 1904, p. 9. PLATEAUS AND RANGES OF THE PLAINS COUNTRY 437 margins. The border region of the plateau is so deeply dissected thatwere the water not detained by a vegetal covering it would flow offafter a heavy rainfall before it had time to enter the limestone, andthe streams would have such volume and velocity as to cause swift anddestructive floods. The Edwards Plateau is not covered with continuous forests even inthe most favorable situations. The timber is much interrupted by open. E^ Fig. 163. Escarpment timber of the Edwards Plateau.(U. S. Bur. of For.) Cooral River near its source. grassy uplands. Tongues of luxuriant forest follow the stream-waysinto the center of the limestone region and in the deeper, well-watered,sheltered canyons the trees attain large dimensions. The forest is inthe form of a thick-canopied, shady cover protecting many shade-lovingshrubs. This floral community is altogether unlike that found in the ad-jacent country. It is distinctly like the Atlantic type, from which it isseparated by miles of treeless country. The chief representatives are theAmerican elm, sycamore, pecan, cottonwood, walnut, black cherry, etc.,and in some places cypress with a diameter of 5 feet or more and a corre- 438 FOREST PHYSIOGRAPHY spending height. The timbered belt is confined rather strictly to thedeeply eroded portions of the plateau, gradually giving wa
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