. Dental materia medica, therapeutics and prescription writing. very inflammable. 166 ANESTHETICS—LOCAL ANALGESICS The comparison of boiling-points and inflammability of the aboveagents indicates the superiority of ethyl chloride, Avhich is practically theonly one used at present. Chemically, ethyl chloride [C2H5CI] is an ester resulting from theaction of hydrochloric acid gas upon absolute alcohol. It is a colorlessliquid, inflammable and extremely volatile, with a specific gravityof 0,918 at ° F, The specific gravity of its vapor is , It is putup for use in sealed tubes containing |
. Dental materia medica, therapeutics and prescription writing. very inflammable. 166 ANESTHETICS—LOCAL ANALGESICS The comparison of boiling-points and inflammability of the aboveagents indicates the superiority of ethyl chloride, Avhich is practically theonly one used at present. Chemically, ethyl chloride [C2H5CI] is an ester resulting from theaction of hydrochloric acid gas upon absolute alcohol. It is a colorlessliquid, inflammable and extremely volatile, with a specific gravityof 0,918 at ° F, The specific gravity of its vapor is , It is putup for use in sealed tubes containing | or 1 fluidounce. By means of acapillary opening through the glass stopper a very minute jet is emitted,which is directed upon the part to be frozen. Thus there is no waste,and the fine stream may be forced a distance of a foot or more, especiallyif the pressure within the tube be increased by enclosing it in the warmhand. The action of the drug is, therefore, easily controlled and may besecured at any point within the mouth without endangering the Fig. 4.—Chloride of ethyl spray tube. Some pain attends the freezing of tissue by whatever means induced,but this disadvantage is outweighed by the assurance the patientacquires that the pain of the operation will be much lessened. Indeed, for the extraction of a tooth, the mental effect of the harmlesschloride of ethyl application may be taken advantage of to nerve ahesitating or nervous person up to a point of ready cooperation. Withthis agent several teeth may be extracted at one sitting with prac-tically no danger; however, by inhalation the drug has been found tobe a quick and powerful general anesthetic, whose safety seems to beless than that of ether; so that, in its local use in the mouth, care shouldbe exercised to avoid the occurrence of general anesthesia. One-halfto one fluidrachm (2-4 mils) quickly inhaled may easily cause uncon-sciousness. The full effect of the local application is shown by blanchingof th
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