. Anaesthetics : their uses and administration. hese are made ofsuch capacity that known quantities of air are propelled intothe chloroform bottle, according as the large, medium, orsmall ball is squeezed in the hand. This contrivance is ofcourse only approximately accurate. The actual amount ofchloroform taken up by the air which traverses the chloroform bottle will be influenced by thedepth of the chloroform in thebottle, the rate and vigour of com-pression, and the temperature ofthe room and of the bottle con-taining the chloroform. It isincreased by shaking the bottleand by splashing the c
. Anaesthetics : their uses and administration. hese are made ofsuch capacity that known quantities of air are propelled intothe chloroform bottle, according as the large, medium, orsmall ball is squeezed in the hand. This contrivance is ofcourse only approximately accurate. The actual amount ofchloroform taken up by the air which traverses the chloroform bottle will be influenced by thedepth of the chloroform in thebottle, the rate and vigour of com-pression, and the temperature ofthe room and of the bottle con-taining the chloroform. It isincreased by shaking the bottleand by splashing the assumption that for everysqueeze of one or other of thepressure balls one minim or lessof chloroform is volatilised is pro-Flannel cap for use with Krohnes ^ably inaccurate when the methodJunker inhaler. -^ is employed in surgery, although it may be approximately true under the controlled conditionsof a laboratory. Both Waller and Chapman have provedthat as strong a vapour as 6 per cent, may arise when Junkersinhaler is Fig. 66. Methods when a Dosimetric Apparatus is not used. Many persons prefer to rely upon simpler methods ingiving chloroform. The obvious disadvantage of such plansis that even the most expert cannot tell when using themwhat percentage of chloroform the patient is taking, and mustrely solely upon the effects of the anesthetic on the patientas observed by him. Thus, although the expert chloro-formist may employ such a method without grave risk, one CHLOROFORM. 261 less experienced is liable to give too much or too little ofthe anaesthetic, being at times either unobservant, or unableto understand the meaning of such changes in the patientscondition as he may notice. The methods usually employed may be described briefly asthe Scotch, the Hyderabad (which is a convenient adapta-tion of the first-named and especially useful in hot climates),and the plan of dropping chloroform from the drop bottleupon a mask, or improvised face-piece. The S
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