The National cyclopædia of American biography : being the history of the United States as illustrated in the lives of the founders, builders, and defenders of the republic, and of the men and women who are doing the work and moulding the thought of the present time, edited by distinguished biographers, selected from each state, revised and approved by the most eminent historians, scholars, and statesmen of the day . iness in a very marked degree. CliEPHANE, James Ogilvie, lawyer and pro-moter, was born in Washington, D. C., Feb. 21,1842,of Scotch parentage. Beginning the study of phonog-raphy


The National cyclopædia of American biography : being the history of the United States as illustrated in the lives of the founders, builders, and defenders of the republic, and of the men and women who are doing the work and moulding the thought of the present time, edited by distinguished biographers, selected from each state, revised and approved by the most eminent historians, scholars, and statesmen of the day . iness in a very marked degree. CliEPHANE, James Ogilvie, lawyer and pro-moter, was born in Washington, D. C., Feb. 21,1842,of Scotch parentage. Beginning the study of phonog-raphy at an early age, he soontook first rank in his chosen pro-fession. All the important trialstaking place at the nations cap-ital during the time he was ac-tively engaged in business werereported by him. Dissatisfac-tion with manuscript copies ledhim at an early date to take upthe matter of typewriters, andas Mr. Sholes, the inventor ofthe Remington, often said, itwas the practical encouragementgiven by Mr. Clephane, and thesevere as well as impartial crit-icisms he gave regarding themachines, that materially aided in their improvement. At thesame time he was urging for-ward other inventions, and ex-pending large amounts of capi-tal for the purpose. Among other persons withwhom he was brought in contact, were Charles of Washington, D. C, Byron A. Brooks ofNew York, A. J. Ambler of Washington, D. C, and. 318 THE NATIONAL CYCLOPEDIA George W. Morgan of Urich, O. The numerouspatents taken out by these gentlemen evidence thegenius and industry which were applied in this di-rection. His greatest achievement, however, was indiscovering and aiding to develop at his own expense,the transcendent genius of Ottmar Mergenthaler, theinventor of the celebrated and popular Linotype ma-chine now in use in so many printing offices in thecountry, and to which he has devoted his constant at-tention ever since. In 1893 he was elected president ofthe Linotype Reporting and Printing Co. Mr. C


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