North America . ession is therefore 4,000 caldera, as such basins of volcanic origin are termed,is nearly circular, with an east and west diameter measuring6 miles, and a north and south diameter of 5 miles. Thevolume of the pit is nearly 12 cubic miles. Not only is Mount Mazama with its wonderful lake oneof the most unique natural features of North America, butit has its full share of the artistic details of lake and moun-tain scenery which appeal so forcibly to the finer instinctswithin us. The outer slopes of the mountain are clothedwith the all-embracing coniferous forests which
North America . ession is therefore 4,000 caldera, as such basins of volcanic origin are termed,is nearly circular, with an east and west diameter measuring6 miles, and a north and south diameter of 5 miles. Thevolume of the pit is nearly 12 cubic miles. Not only is Mount Mazama with its wonderful lake oneof the most unique natural features of North America, butit has its full share of the artistic details of lake and moun-tain scenery which appeal so forcibly to the finer instinctswithin us. The outer slopes of the mountain are clothedwith the all-embracing coniferous forests which cover theCascades as with a mantle throughout their entire extent,while the precipitous inner slopes are for the most part bareprecipices of angular and extremely rugged rock. The lakeitself is of the most marvellous blue, in which the encirclingcliffs, the crater-island, and the sky above are reflected. Other peaks along the crest-line of the Cascades to benumbered by the score, although with less romantic his-. ScALrvct Cross Sect/on of Crater Lake. 21.—Crater Lake in the summit of Mount Ma/.una, Oregon. 155 156 NORTH AMERICA tories than Mount Mazama, have instructive answers togive when properly questioned. Among the remarkablypicturesque summits rising above the dark coniferous for-ests of western Oregon are the following, with their re-spective heights above the sea expressed in feet: MountPitt, 9,760; Mount Mazama, 8,228; Mount Union, 7,881;Mount Scott,7,123; Three Sisters,Mount Jefferson, 10,200;and Mount Hood, 11,225. Of these peaks, the best known,on account of its proximity to the city of Portland, and atthe same time one of the most picturesque and beautiful,is Mount Hood, situated about 25 miles south of the Co-lumbia River. The concave slopes so characteristic of vol-canic cones are no longer conspicuous on the sides of thisonce symmetrical mountain, and only remnants of its craterremain. The part it played as a safety-valve for the pent-upenergy beneath was long
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