Physiology : a manual for students and practitioners . t of the muscu-lar fibres in the gut-wall. The gall-bladder and the gall-duct are])rovided with unstriped muscular fibres, so that they may emptythemselves. Inspiration and expiration bring alternating pressureupon the gall-bladder, and aid in emptying it. 56 DIGESTION. What is the quantity of bile secreted daily ? The quantity varies with the amount of food taken, but is esti-mated to vary between 20 and 40 ounces, or, approximately, froma pint to a quart, in twenty-four hours. What is the resemblance between bile and meconium ? There are
Physiology : a manual for students and practitioners . t of the muscu-lar fibres in the gut-wall. The gall-bladder and the gall-duct are])rovided with unstriped muscular fibres, so that they may emptythemselves. Inspiration and expiration bring alternating pressureupon the gall-bladder, and aid in emptying it. 56 DIGESTION. What is the quantity of bile secreted daily ? The quantity varies with the amount of food taken, but is esti-mated to vary between 20 and 40 ounces, or, approximately, froma pint to a quart, in twenty-four hours. What is the resemblance between bile and meconium ? There are strong similarities. Meconium contains considerableproportions of bile salts and pigment, as well as cholesterin. It issupposed that in the foetus the liver has the function of purifyingthe circulating blood and excreting certain oflfensive matters in thisway. What are some of the more important ingredients of bile ? (1) Bile salts, sodium glycocholate and sodium may be isolated in crystalline form from bile, and are pres- FiG. Cholesterin from the Contents of an Encysted Tumor. ent in human bile in about equal proportions. They are solubleand very deliquescent colorless crystals which have the bitter tasteof bile. Test by Pettenkofers method: Add to a solution of bilea small amount of a solution of cane-sugar. On treating thissolution with pure sulphuric acid drop by drop there is first aprecipitation of a turbid sediment (cholic acid). This is cleared DIGESTION. 57 by a further addition of sulphuric acid, and the solution assumesa bright cherry color, cluinging to violet, and, if much bile bepresent, to deep purple. (2) (cy/o//y/r/»/a^^<-of the bilo, biliverdiii and bilirubin. Bothpiirnients ure found in human bile, but the former is characteristicof the bile of herbivora, and the latter, bilirubin, of the bile ofcaniivora. The pitrments are crystallizablc, and are insoluble inwater. The crystals have the ureen and red colors of the pij^,
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksubjectphysiology, bookyear1
